Perinatal nicotine-induced neurotoxicity and behavioral alterations in newborn mice are associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and downregulated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling: protective role of Anethum graveolens.
Saleh Maodaa, Jamaan S Ajarem, Reem S Alruhaimi, Ahmed A Allam, Naif G Altoom, Ayman M Mahmoud
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Perinatal exposure to nicotine has been implicated in causing significant oxidative stress and long-term neurobehavioral abnormalities. This study explores, for the first time, the efficacy of Anethum graveolens (dill) extract in mitigating neurotoxicity, oxidative damage, inflammation, and behavioral disturbances in neonatal mice exposed to nicotine during the perinatal period. Pregnant mice were administered 50 mg/kg of A. graveolens extract orally from gestational day 1 (GD1) to postnatal day 15 (PD15), alongside subcutaneous injections of nicotine (0.25 mg/kg) from GD12 to PD15. Nicotine-exposed neonates exhibited delayed developmental milestones (eye opening and hair growth), impaired neuromotor functions (righting, rotating, and cliff avoidance reflexes), and heightened anxiety-like behaviors. Nicotine induced substantial tissue damage, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed glutathione (GSH) levels and antioxidant enzyme activities across different brain regions (cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata). A. graveolens extract improved developmental markers, restored neuromotor functions, reduced anxiety-like behaviors, and attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, it enhanced antioxidant defenses and upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These findings indicate that A. graveolens exerts a protective role against nicotine-induced neurotoxicity by modulating oxidative and inflammatory responses and attenuating neurobehavioral alterations.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Molecular Histology publishes results of original research on the localization and expression of molecules in animal cells, tissues and organs. Coverage includes studies describing novel cellular or ultrastructural distributions of molecules which provide insight into biochemical or physiological function, development, histologic structure and disease processes.
Major research themes of particular interest include:
- Cell-Cell and Cell-Matrix Interactions;
- Connective Tissues;
- Development and Disease;
- Neuroscience.
Please note that the Journal of Molecular Histology does not consider manuscripts dealing with the application of immunological or other probes on non-standard laboratory animal models unless the results are clearly of significant and general biological importance.
The Journal of Molecular Histology publishes full-length original research papers, review articles, short communications and letters to the editors. All manuscripts are typically reviewed by two independent referees. The Journal of Molecular Histology is a continuation of The Histochemical Journal.