Spatio-Temporal Signatures of Cognitive Function After Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke—A Pilot Study

IF 3.3 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING
Karl-Heinz Nenning, Florian Ph. S. Fischmeister, Astrid Novak, Rainer Seidl, Smadar Ovadia-Caro, Ting Xu, Gregor Kasprian, Lisa Bartha-Doering, Kathrin Kollndorfer
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Abstract

Childhood arterial ischemic stroke is a severe disorder that can cause lasting cognitive impairments, particularly in executive functions. Although early research assumed an improved outcome in childhood stroke patients compared to adults, more recent studies indicate similar rates of disabilities and cognitive impairment, with widespread brain network disruptions underlying these deficits. Here, we used resting-state fMRI to study alterations in functional brain dynamics and their association with cognitive outcome in children and adolescents after childhood stroke. We used co-activation pattern analysis to characterize five recurring brain states and their temporal properties in a cohort of 16 patients and 17 age-matched controls. We found that in pediatric stroke patients, a specific brain state characterizing the frontoparietal network was more prevalent and more frequently involved in state transitions. This was paralleled by lower occurrence rates of a brain state related to default mode network deactivation. Moreover, our analysis showed that these dynamics relate more to the extent to which the lesion impacts functional networks than to lesion size alone. Taken together, our findings suggest that disrupted brain dynamics following childhood stroke relate to cognitive performance and that the location of a focal lesion can have wide-ranging implications on brain state dynamics.

Abstract Image

儿童动脉缺血性中风后认知功能的时空特征——一项初步研究
儿童动脉缺血性中风是一种严重的疾病,可导致持久的认知障碍,特别是在执行功能方面。尽管早期的研究假设儿童中风患者的预后比成人有所改善,但最近的研究表明,残疾和认知障碍的发生率相似,这些缺陷背后是广泛的大脑网络中断。在这里,我们使用静息状态功能磁共振成像来研究儿童和青少年中风后脑功能动力学的改变及其与认知结果的关系。我们使用共激活模式分析表征了16名患者和17名年龄匹配对照的5种反复出现的大脑状态及其时间特性。我们发现,在小儿中风患者中,一种表征额顶叶网络的特定大脑状态更普遍,更频繁地参与状态转换。与此同时,与默认模式网络失活相关的大脑状态的发生率也较低。此外,我们的分析表明,这些动态更多地与病变影响功能网络的程度有关,而不仅仅与病变大小有关。综上所述,我们的研究结果表明,儿童中风后脑动力学紊乱与认知表现有关,局灶性病变的位置可能对脑状态动力学有广泛的影响。
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来源期刊
Human Brain Mapping
Human Brain Mapping 医学-核医学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
401
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Human Brain Mapping publishes peer-reviewed basic, clinical, technical, and theoretical research in the interdisciplinary and rapidly expanding field of human brain mapping. The journal features research derived from non-invasive brain imaging modalities used to explore the spatial and temporal organization of the neural systems supporting human behavior. Imaging modalities of interest include positron emission tomography, event-related potentials, electro-and magnetoencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and single-photon emission tomography. Brain mapping research in both normal and clinical populations is encouraged. Article formats include Research Articles, Review Articles, Clinical Case Studies, and Technique, as well as Technological Developments, Theoretical Articles, and Synthetic Reviews. Technical advances, such as novel brain imaging methods, analyses for detecting or localizing neural activity, synergistic uses of multiple imaging modalities, and strategies for the design of behavioral paradigms and neural-systems modeling are of particular interest. The journal endorses the propagation of methodological standards and encourages database development in the field of human brain mapping.
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