Distribution of serotypes and genotypes of ESBL-producing Salmonella in the pork production chain in different regions of China

The Microbe Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.microb.2025.100389

Liu Yi , Zhao Ge , Zhang Xiyue , Zhao Jianmei , Gao YuBin , Liu Na , Wang Lin , Han Yaxing , Qu Zhina , Liu Liheng , Wang Junwei

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Abstract

Salmonella is the most common foodborne pathogen worldwide, and livestock and poultry products are the main attributed foods to Salmonellosis, The widely spread of ESBL-producing Salmonella increases the difficulty of treatment of infection. In order to clarify the epidemic characteristics, serotype distribution and genotypic characteristics of ESBL-producing Salmonella in the pork production chain, ESBL-producing Salmonella was screened from strains isolated from the pork production chain in six regions of China (Central, South, East, Northeast, Southwest, and Northwest). The serotypes and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were identified by PCR, and the genetic correlation of Salmonella in the pork production chain among different regions was analyzed by combining PFGE. The results showed that the overall detection rate of ESBL-producing Salmonella was 4.86 %, with the highest positivity rates within each subgroup in the Northwest (8.82 %), breeding (7.37 %), and feces (18.93 %). A total of 15 serotypes were identified for all Salmonella, with the dominant serotype being S. 1,4,[5],12:i:- (33.33 %). S. Typhimurium and ST34 are dominant in the Southwest, Northwest and Central regions, as well as in the process of breeding and cutting, and also in the feces, lymph nodes and pork. S. Rissen and ST469 are dominant in the South, slaughtering and carcasses. S. Typhimurium and ST19 are dominant in the East region. Three serotypes of ESBL-producing Salmonella were identified, and the dominant serotype was also S. 1,4,[5],12:i:-. A total of 16 different sequence types (STs) were identified in all Salmonella, of which the predominant was ST34 (38.19 %). Two STs were found in ESBL-producing Salmonella. ST34 (85.71 %) was also dominant. 105 strains of S. 1,4,[5],12:i:- and S. Typhimurium identified 71 PFGE profiles, of which nine profiles were found in ESBL-producing Salmonella. There are strains with 100 % homology between different regions, processes, and samples suggests a risk of cross-transmission. The results of this study may provide a reference for public health and food safety epidemiological investigations caused by ESBL-producing Salmonella.

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产esbl沙门氏菌在中国不同地区猪肉生产链中的血清型和基因型分布

沙门氏菌是世界范围内最常见的食源性病原体，畜禽产品是沙门氏菌病的主要病原食品，产esbl沙门氏菌的广泛传播增加了治疗感染的难度。为明确产esbl沙门氏菌在猪肉生产链中的流行特征、血清型分布和基因型特征，从中国6个地区（中部、南部、东部、东北、西南和西北）的猪肉生产链中分离到的产esbl沙门氏菌进行了筛选。采用PCR技术鉴定沙门氏菌的血清型和多位点序列分型（MLST），结合PFGE分析不同区域猪肉生产链中沙门氏菌的遗传相关性。结果表明，产esbl沙门氏菌总检出率为4.86 %，各亚群检出率最高的地区为西北地区（8.82 %）、养殖场（7.37 %）和粪便（18.93 %）。所有沙门氏菌共鉴定出15种血清型，优势血清型为S. 1、4、[5]、12:i:-（33.33 %）。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和ST34在西南、西北和中部地区以及饲养和切割过程中占优势，在粪便、淋巴结和猪肉中也占优势。S. Rissen和ST469在南方占主导地位，屠宰和尸体。东部地区以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和ST19为主。鉴定出3种产esbl沙门氏菌血清型，优势血清型也为S. 1,4,[5],12:i:-。所有沙门氏菌共鉴定出16种不同的序列类型（STs），其中优势序列类型为ST34（38.19 %）。在产esbl的沙门氏菌中发现了两个STs。ST34（85.71 %）也占主导地位。105株S. 1,4,[5]，12:i:-和S.鼠伤寒沙门氏菌鉴定出71个PFGE谱，其中9个谱在产esbl沙门氏菌中发现。在不同地区、工艺和样品之间存在100% %同源性的菌株，提示存在交叉传播的风险。本研究结果可为产esbl沙门氏菌引起的公共卫生和食品安全流行病学调查提供参考。

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The Microbe

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