Feasibility study of Caesalpinia Bonduc seed methyl ester as a sustainable biodiesel for naturally aspirated diesel engines

IF 2.5 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI:10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102396

D. Christopher Selvam , Damanjeet Aulakh , Beemkumar Nagappan , Geetika M. Patel , Krishna Kumar Shukla , Anshuman Jena , Yuvarajan Devarajan

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Abstract

In consideration of the increasing concerns regarding environmental degradation and the depletion of fossil fuels, this research endeavors to assess the viability of employing Caesalpinia bonduc seed methyl ester (CBOBD) as a sustainable biodiesel in naturally aspirated diesel engines. Biodiesel was produced through a two-step transesterification process, and the resultant test blends (CBOBD20 to CBOBD100) were critically analyzed in comparison to conventional diesel regarding performance, combustion, and emission characteristics. The CBOBD20 blend demonstrated a brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 32.64 %, which is merely 4.6 % inferior to that of diesel (34.22 %), while concurrently achieving a 5.7 % reduction in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and an 8.1 % decrease in hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. Nonetheless, a slight increase of 0.4 % in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions was recorded. The exhaust gas temperature (EGT) exhibited a marginal rise, reaching 349.63 °C for CBOBD20 in contrast to 347.57 °C for diesel. Fuel consumption saw an increase of 0.03 kg/kWh for CBOBD20 and 0.05 kg/kWh for CBOBD100. These findings substantiate the technical feasibility of CBOBD20 as a low-emission biodiesel alternative, preserving efficiency levels comparable to diesel while providing significant environmental advantages.

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本品种子甲酯作为自然吸气柴油机可持续生物柴油的可行性研究

考虑到人们对环境恶化和化石燃料枯竭的日益关注，本研究试图评估在自然吸气式柴油发动机中使用该植物作为可持续生物柴油的可行性。生物柴油是通过两步酯交换过程生产的，并对所得的测试混合物（CBOBD20到CBOBD100）进行了严格的分析，与传统柴油进行了性能、燃烧和排放特性的比较。CBOBD20混合燃料的制动热效率（BTE）为32.64%，仅比柴油（34.22%）低4.6%，同时一氧化碳（CO）排放量减少5.7%，碳氢化合物（HC）排放量减少8.1%。尽管如此，据记录，氮氧化物（NOx）排放量略有增加0.4%。废气温度（EGT）略有上升，chbobd20达到349.63℃，而柴油为347.57℃。CBOBD20的油耗增加了0.03 kg/kWh， CBOBD100的油耗增加了0.05 kg/kWh。这些发现证实了CBOBD20作为低排放生物柴油替代品的技术可行性，既保持了与柴油相当的效率水平，又具有显著的环境优势。

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