A comparative analysis of integrated comprehensive care models: Lessons Canada can learn from East Africa

Abstract

Objectives

This study investigates integrated comprehensive care (ICC) models in different geographical contexts reflecting diverse population needs. Using a target innovation profile framework, it describes fundamental ICC building blocks to create a universally adaptable ICC model. This mode presents opportunities for enhancing public health service delivery in Canada and East Africa.

Study design

A descriptive comparative study that uses qualitative methods to determine critical success factors of ICC models.

Methods

Researchers completed a literature review of 14 international ICC models and validated findings through surveys with 29 healthcare professionals from Canada, the United States, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Australia. Interviews were conducted with 7 health professionals to deepen insights for ICC in East Africa and Canada.

Results

Literature indicated that timely accessibility, patient and family involvement, partnerships with community partners, a single healthcare team, resources in preventative care, and consideration of social determinants of health were essential aspects of ICC models. Surveys and interviews highlighted opportunities to increase preventative care resource allocation and to improve community-level health accessibility in the Canadian context through knowledge sharing from East African advanced community care approaches.

Conclusion

By establishing the essential elements of ICC models and differences across geographic contexts, we demonstrate a specific example where knowledge mobilization efforts would enhance public health systems globally. With integration of health systems being of interest globally, there is a compelling reason to continue learning from each other to enhance health service delivery.