Effects of Bacillus subtilis supplementation on growth performance, immunity, and intestinal health of juvenile Salmo trutta fario

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Feed Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116398

Kuankuan Lei , Wanliang Wang , Zhuangzhuang Wang , Ming Li , Jianshe Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis (BS) is a widely used feed additive in aquaculture, enhancing growth rates, feed conversion, and immunity in farmed aquatic animals. This study aims to explore the effects of adding different doses of BS in the feed on the health and growth of juvenile Salmo trutta fario to investigate the effective dose of BS as an additive. The experiment included a control group (CG), a B1 group (0.25 %), a B2 group (0.5 %), and a B3 group (1 %) in a 70-day feeding trial. The effects of BS on juvenile Salmo trutta fario growth parameters, blood biochemical indexes, liver antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health were investigated. The results showed that compared to CG, FBW and WGR significantly increased in the B2 and B3 groups, while CF significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Regarding blood biochemical indices, AST activity was significantly elevated in the B1 group (P < 0.05), and ALP activity decreased considerably in the B3 group (P < 0.05). Liver antioxidant analyses revealed that MDA content was significantly higher in the B1 group compared to the CG (P < 0.05), whereas it was substantially lower in the B2 and B3 groups (P < 0.05). The activities of SOD in the B1 and B3 groups were significantly higher than those in the CG group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant change between the B2 and CG groups (P > 0.05). There were no substantial changes in CAT and GSH activities in the B1, B2, and B3 groups compared with the CG group (P > 0.05). Gut microbiota analysis showed that the OTUs of the B1, B2, and B3 groups were higher than those of the CG group, but there was no significant difference in alpha diversity (P > 0.05). Beta diversity analysis showed that the clusters of microbial communities in groups B1, B2, and B3 were more similar than those in the CG group. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed a more complex and stable microbial community structure in the B2 group. In conclusion, adding Bacillus subtilis to the feed enhances the growth performance, liver antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiome stability of juvenile Salmo trutta fario, with the effect being more pronounced at an addition of 0.5 % Bacillus subtilis.

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添加枯草芽孢杆菌对法里奥鲑幼鱼生长性能、免疫和肠道健康的影响

枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis， BS）是一种广泛应用于水产养殖的饲料添加剂，可提高养殖水生动物的生长速度、饲料转化率和免疫力。本研究旨在探讨在饲料中添加不同剂量的BS对法里奥鲑幼鱼健康和生长的影响，探讨BS作为添加剂的有效剂量。试验期为70 d，分为对照组（CG）、B1组（0.25 %）、B2组（0.5 %）和B3组（1 %）。研究了BS对法利奥鲑幼鱼生长参数、血液生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力和肠道健康的影响。结果表明：与CG相比，B2组和B3组FBW和WGR显著升高，CF显著降低（P <； 0.05）。血液生化指标方面，B1组AST活性显著升高（P <； 0.05），B3组ALP活性显著降低（P <； 0.05）。肝脏抗氧化分析显示，与CG相比，B1组MDA含量显著高于CG (P <； 0.05)，而B2和B3组MDA含量显著低于CG （P <； 0.05）。SOD活性B1和B3组显著高于CG组（P <； 0.05），B2组与CG组间差异不显著（P <； 0.05）。与CG组相比，B1、B2和B3组的CAT和GSH活性无明显变化（P >； 0.05）。肠道菌群分析显示，B1、B2和B3组的OTUs均高于CG组，但α多样性差异不显著（P >； 0.05）。β多样性分析表明，B1、B2和B3组的微生物群落群比CG组更相似。共现网络分析显示B2组微生物群落结构更为复杂和稳定。综上所述，饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可提高法里奥萨尔摩幼鱼的生长性能、肝脏抗氧化能力和肠道菌群稳定性，且添加量为0.5 %时效果更为显著。

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来源期刊

Animal Feed Science and Technology 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Animal Feed Science and Technology is a unique journal publishing scientific papers of international interest focusing on animal feeds and their feeding. Papers describing research on feed for ruminants and non-ruminants, including poultry, horses, companion animals and aquatic animals, are welcome. The journal covers the following areas: Nutritive value of feeds (e.g., assessment, improvement) Methods of conserving and processing feeds that affect their nutritional value Agronomic and climatic factors influencing the nutritive value of feeds Utilization of feeds and the improvement of such Metabolic, production, reproduction and health responses, as well as potential environmental impacts, of diet inputs and feed technologies (e.g., feeds, feed additives, feed components, mycotoxins) Mathematical models relating directly to animal-feed interactions Analytical and experimental methods for feed evaluation Environmental impacts of feed technologies in animal production.