A review on optimal preparation of multi-component fillers and fibers with excellent wideband microwave absorbing performance through the electromagnetic loss engineering

Abstract

The wave-absorbing fillers has attracted widespread attention in the field of electromagnetic stealth technology. However, the common wave-absorbing fillers is difficult to meet the current development needs of "thin, light, wide, strong", "environmental adaptability", "multifunctional integration" and "intelligence". Multi-component wave-absorbing fillers can combine the different electromagnetic wave loss modes, significantly enhancing its wave-absorbing performance and effective absorption bandwidth. Besides, multi-scale interface wave-absorbing fibers is a typical kind of composite wave-absorbing filler, which synchronously obtains excellent mechanical properties and wave-absorbing performance. Electromagnetic loss engineering refers to enhancing the wave absorption efficacy of electromagnetic wave-absorbing fillers and fibers by regulating the physicochemical characteristics or heterogeneous interface, which is the most common implementation approach for preparing multi-component wave-absorbing fillers. This manuscript summarizes the classification methods of composite wave-absorbing fillers and, their electromagnetic wave loss modes, electromagnetic parameters and testing methods for wave-absorbing performance. It focuses on discussing the research progress and related academic achievements in the optimized preparation of multi-component wave-absorbing fillers and multi-scale interface wave-absorbing fibers. Finally, it points out the development trend and application prospects of wideband wave-absorbing fillers and fibers. This article can assist engineering researchers in systematically grasping the research progress and mechanism of absorbing materials, and to provide scientific basis and professional guidance for them to select appropriate types of composite absorbing fillers in engineering practice.