Elastic constants and material stability analysis of orthotropic titanium-based metal foams

IF 7.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL
Ignacio González Gómez , Yerko Espinosa Lorca , Wilmer Velilla-Díaz , Alejandro Pacheco-Sanjuán
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Metallic foams have emerged as promising materials for mitigating the adverse effects of implants on surrounding tissues by replicating the stiffness and structural symmetry of bone. In current fabrication technologies, porosity is widely recognized as the primary topological factor for tuning stiffness and strength. However, as an isotropic parameter, porosity inadequately captures the influence of mesoscale structures on the elastic anisotropy of metallic foams. This study aims to address these limitations by investigating the role of porosity as a topological descriptor in determining elastic constants for anisotropic metallic foams. The research presents a methodology for determining the effective macroscopic elastic constants of orthotropic, titanium-based metal foams across varying porosities, ranging from 5% to 65%, which aligns with the pore size distributions of specimens fabricated via powder metallurgy. Employing genetic algorithm optimization based on Voronoi tessellations, 3D randomized cubic representative volume elements (RVEs) were generated to replicate pore statistics obtained from 2D μCT reconstructions of real foams. Finite element simulations were conducted on these RVEs, including tensile and shear tests, to quantify their mechanical response. Results reveal a general reduction in Young’s modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus as porosity increases. Notably, elastic constant dispersion significantly widened at higher porosity levels, with Poisson’s ratio displaying substantial variation in the range of -0.01 < ν < 0.37 at 65% porosity. Zener ratios indicated near-isotropic behavior up to 30% porosity, but microstructural stability sharply declined beyond 65%, as reflected by nearly zero determinants of the stiffness tensors. These findings underscore the critical sensitivity of elastic properties, particularly Poisson’s ratios, to microstructural architecture, providing insights into potential instabilities in highly porous, bone-like cellular structures.
正交各向异性钛基金属泡沫材料的弹性常数和材料稳定性分析
金属泡沫已经成为一种很有前途的材料,通过复制骨骼的刚度和结构对称性来减轻植入物对周围组织的不利影响。在当前的制造技术中,孔隙率被广泛认为是调整刚度和强度的主要拓扑因素。然而,作为各向同性参数,孔隙率不能充分反映中尺度结构对金属泡沫弹性各向异性的影响。本研究旨在通过研究孔隙度作为拓扑描述符在确定各向异性金属泡沫弹性常数中的作用来解决这些限制。该研究提出了一种方法,用于确定不同孔隙率(5%至65%)的正交异性钛基金属泡沫的有效宏观弹性常数,该方法与粉末冶金制备的试样的孔径分布一致。采用基于Voronoi细分的遗传算法优化,生成三维随机立方代表性体积元(RVEs)来复制真实泡沫的二维μCT重构所得的孔隙统计数据。对这些RVEs进行了有限元模拟,包括拉伸和剪切试验,以量化其力学响应。结果表明,随着孔隙率的增加,杨氏模量、剪切模量和体积模量普遍降低。值得注意的是,弹性常数弥散在孔隙度较高时明显变宽,泊松比在-0.01 <范围内变化较大;ν& lt;65%孔隙率时0.37。在30%孔隙率下,齐纳比显示出接近各向同性的行为,但在65%以上,微观结构稳定性急剧下降,这反映在刚度张量的决定因素几乎为零。这些发现强调了弹性特性(特别是泊松比)对微观结构的关键敏感性,为高度多孔的骨状细胞结构的潜在不稳定性提供了见解。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 工程技术-工程:机械
CiteScore
12.80
自引率
17.80%
发文量
769
审稿时长
19 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Mechanical Sciences (IJMS) serves as a global platform for the publication and dissemination of original research that contributes to a deeper scientific understanding of the fundamental disciplines within mechanical, civil, and material engineering. The primary focus of IJMS is to showcase innovative and ground-breaking work that utilizes analytical and computational modeling techniques, such as Finite Element Method (FEM), Boundary Element Method (BEM), and mesh-free methods, among others. These modeling methods are applied to diverse fields including rigid-body mechanics (e.g., dynamics, vibration, stability), structural mechanics, metal forming, advanced materials (e.g., metals, composites, cellular, smart) behavior and applications, impact mechanics, strain localization, and other nonlinear effects (e.g., large deflections, plasticity, fracture). Additionally, IJMS covers the realms of fluid mechanics (both external and internal flows), tribology, thermodynamics, and materials processing. These subjects collectively form the core of the journal's content. In summary, IJMS provides a prestigious platform for researchers to present their original contributions, shedding light on analytical and computational modeling methods in various areas of mechanical engineering, as well as exploring the behavior and application of advanced materials, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and materials processing.
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