A review on end-of-life waste toner powder: recovery, utilization and upcycling

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2025.114911

M. Ismail Shahib , Glen Cletus Dsouza , R.P. Vijayakumar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Traditionally, spent toner powder from toner cartridges has been disposed of through conventional methods, contributing to environmental challenges. Consequently, utilizing and upcycling waste toner powder presents a more prudent approach to addressing this issue, with the aim of recovering valuable materials and minimizing environmental impact. Over the past two decades, scholarly studies have predominantly focused on the ferrous components of toner powder due to their high value, while the potential applications of the organic components have been largely overlooked. This article examines recent advancements in upcycling waste toner powder to produce value-added products such as carbon and ferrous nanomaterials. It also identifies and discusses strategies for recovering toner powder from toner cartridges and, finally, proposes directions for future research. This review suggests that integrating a mechanical production line with an upcycling approach that leverages both the inorganic metal oxides and organic polymer components of toner powder represents one of the most promising strategies.

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废碳粉回收利用与升级利用综述

传统上，碳粉盒中的废碳粉是通过传统方法处理的，这对环境造成了挑战。因此，利用和升级回收废碳粉是解决这一问题的更谨慎的方法，目的是回收有价值的材料并最大限度地减少对环境的影响。在过去的二十年里，学术界的研究主要集中在碳粉中的含铁成分上，因为它们具有很高的价值，而有机成分的潜在应用在很大程度上被忽视了。这篇文章探讨了最近在升级回收废碳粉生产附加值产品，如碳和铁纳米材料的进展。它还确定并讨论了从墨盒中回收碳粉的策略，最后提出了未来研究的方向。这篇综述表明，将机械生产线与升级回收方法结合起来，利用碳粉的无机金属氧化物和有机聚合物成分，是最有前途的策略之一。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Waste management 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

15.60

自引率

6.20%

发文量

492

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Waste Management is devoted to the presentation and discussion of information on solid wastes,it covers the entire lifecycle of solid. wastes. Scope: Addresses solid wastes in both industrialized and economically developing countries Covers various types of solid wastes, including: Municipal (e.g., residential, institutional, commercial, light industrial) Agricultural Special (e.g., C and D, healthcare, household hazardous wastes, sewage sludge)