Recycling fishery waste into biobased fertilizers: Agronomic performance and soil health impacts

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106686

Jingsi Zhang , Liina Edesi , Tiina Talve , Çağrı Akyol , Birgit Koll , Ireene Roman , Merili Toom , Marta Aranguren , Susana Virgel Mentxaka , Annely Kuu , Stefaan De Neve , Erik Meers

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Abstract

This study evaluated the agronomic performance and soil impact of biobased fertilizers derived from fishery waste and by-products as circular alternatives to synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers in short-term field experiments with broccoli. Four biobased fertilizers — bokashi pellet (BP), nutrient solution with amino acids (NPKA), fish sludge pellet (FSP), and protein fraction (PF) — were obtained from pilot installations across Europe. The evaluation focused on soil mineral N (SMN) dynamics, N use efficiency (NUE), crop yield, and soil biological responses. One week after transplanting and fertilization, SMN levels in the topsoil (0–10 cm) were the highest in the NPKA (253 ± 94 kg ha⁻¹) and PF (181 ± 45 kg ha⁻¹) treatments, comparble to the mineral fertilizer (MF; 237 ± 5 kg ha⁻¹). In contrast, FSP (68 ± 17 kg ha⁻¹) and BP (30 ± 11 kg ha⁻¹) did not significantly differ from the unfertilized soil (40 ± 5 kg ha⁻¹). Early SMN availability showed a strong positive correlation with broccoli yield and N uptake. Crop yields ranged from 8594 to 14,842 kg ha⁻¹ among the organic treatments, with NPKA and PF performing comparably to MF (14,726 kg ha⁻¹) and substantially better than FSP and BP. The control treatment (CON) yielded 9252 kg ha⁻¹ . NPKA and PF also demonstrated the highest NUE values (108 % and 84.8 %, respectively), with estimated mineral fertilizer equivalents of 79.5 % and 62.7 %. Soil biological activity showed treatment-specific responses. Dehydrogenase activity, microbial biomass carbon, and phospholipid fatty acid profiles in the 0–10 cm soil layer were significantly affected by fertilizer treatments, though most microbial indicators returned to baseline levels post-harvest. Soil fauna responses were variable: Springtail abundance declined under MF, whereas mite populations were more sensitive to organic treatments. Overall, the findings suggest that certain biobased fertilizers, particularly NPKA and PF, can effectively replace mineral N fertilizers, maintaining crop productivity while enhancing soil health indicators. These results support the integration of fish waste-based biobased fertilizers into sustainable agricultural practices.

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将渔业废物回收为生物基肥料：农艺性能和土壤健康影响

本研究在花椰菜短期田间试验中，评价了从渔业废弃物和副产品中提取的生物基肥料作为合成氮肥的循环替代品的农艺性能和土壤影响。四种生物基肥料——bokashi颗粒（BP）、氨基酸营养液（NPKA）、鱼泥颗粒（FSP）和蛋白质组分（PF）——从欧洲各地的试验装置中获得。评价的重点是土壤矿质氮动态、氮素利用效率、作物产量和土壤生物响应。一周后移植和受精,SMN水平表层土(清廉 厘米)在NPKA最高(253 ±94  公斤 公顷⁻¹)和PF(181 ±45  公斤 公顷⁻¹)治疗,comparble矿物肥料(MF; 237±5  公斤 公顷⁻¹)。相比之下,FSP(68 ±  17公斤 公顷⁻¹)和英国石油公司(30 ±11  公斤 公顷⁻¹)没有显著不同于土地不肥沃的土壤(40 ±5  公斤 公顷⁻¹)。早期SMN有效性与西兰花产量和氮素吸收量呈显著正相关。在有机处理中，作物产量从8594到14842 kg ha⁻¹ 不等，NPKA和PF的表现与MF相当（14726 kg ha⁻¹），比FSP和BP好得多。对照处理（CON）的产量为9252 kg ha⁻¹ 。NPKA和PF也显示出最高的NUE值（分别为108 %和84.8 %），估计矿肥当量为79.5% %和62.7 %。土壤生物活性表现出处理特异性反应。0-10 cm土层的脱氢酶活性、微生物生物量碳和磷脂脂肪酸谱受肥料处理的显著影响，尽管收获后大多数微生物指标恢复到基线水平。土壤动物的响应是可变的：在有机肥处理下，春尾虫的丰度下降，而螨种群对有机处理更为敏感。综上所述，某些生物基肥料，特别是NPKA和PF，可以有效替代矿质氮肥，在保持作物生产力的同时提高土壤健康指标。这些结果支持将鱼类废物基生物肥料纳入可持续农业实践。

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.