[Nutritional management of type 2 diabetes with GLP-1 and GLP-1/GIP agonists].

Abstract

In diabetic patients, treatment with GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) and dual GLP-1/GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide) agonists, such as, respectively, semaglutide and tirzepatide, is effective in lowering blood sugar and reducing weight. However, their use requires dietary monitoring to prevent muscle loss which is often associated with rapid weight loss. The treatment should be accompanied by specific nutritional recommendations, including adequate hydration, quality carbohydrates, as well as a sufficient intake of high-quality proteins and fiber. Physical activity, particularly anaerobic and aerobic exercises, is strongly recommended to maintain muscle mass and support weight loss. Finally, special attention should be given to side effects such as nausea or constipation.