Impact of sexuality on degenerative diseases.

Abstract

Human sexuality is shaped by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors, influencing individual identity, behaviors, relationships, and sexual experience. Far from merely reflecting anatomical characteristics, sexuality encompasses emotional and sexual attraction toward individuals across gender spectrums, guided by factors including hormones, genetics, brain processes, and environmental influences. Societal norms and cultural beliefs also mold sexual expression, with diverse sexual identities being either embraced or stigmatized, impacting individual well-being. Sexual health, essential for mental and physical health, connects closely to brain morphology, function, and associated neural mechanisms. The hypothalamus and neurotransmitters like dopamine and oxytocin influence desire, feeling, and pleasure. Additionally, sexuality is linked with the progression and prevalence of degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Sexual dysfunction relating to these diseases often emerges due to neurological changes, cognitive decline, and physical limitations. However, the feeling of sexual satisfaction can mitigate the impact of these diseases by promoting cognitive function, emotional intimacy, and stress reduction. Sexual activity in older adults is linked to better cardiovascular and cognitive health, emphasizing the broader health benefits of sexual well-being. Understanding sexuality across all stages of life, in both health and illness, is essential as it forms an integral part of general well-being and human existence.