Electromagnetohydrodynamic flow of fractional Maxwell fluids through a stenosed artery: Caputo fractional derivatives approach.

Abstract

This study investigates the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow of fractional Maxwell fluids through a stenosed artery, accounting for body acceleration. The flow is considered highly pulsatile. The mathematical model is formulated using differential forms of the conservation of mass and momentum. The governing equations are nondimensionalized and simplified by assuming mild stenosis. Through the application of the Caputo fractional derivative, the classical problem is transformed into its fractional equivalent. Solutions are derived using Laplace and finite Hankel transformations, with the inverse Laplace transform applied afterward. The findings show that blood velocity, flow rate, and shear stress fluctuate continuously over time due to the pulsatile flow and the effects of body acceleration.