{"title":"Aluminum Doped Zinc Oxide and Silver Nanowire Composite Based Printed CO$_{2}$ Gas Sensor","authors":"Nikhila Patil;Neethu Thomas;Neha Sharma;Parasuraman Swaminathan;P. Sumathi","doi":"10.1109/LSENS.2025.3571193","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>) is a significant greenhouse gas and an essential indicator of effective air circulation in enclosed spaces, requiring precise and continuous monitoring. Traditional chemiresistive CO<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> sensors have high operating temperatures that require external heating elements limiting their applicability in low-power portable electronics. This work demonstrates a miniaturized printed CO<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> gas sensor, based on aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and silver nanowire (Ag NW) nanocomposite ink, which operates efficiently at room temperature. The AZO-Ag NW nanocomposite ink is optimized for direct ink writing (DIW) to obtain a uniform printed pattern. The composite ink helps overcome the inherent high resistance of AZO nanostructures by taking advantage of Ag NW's high conductivity and surface reactivity. The sensor shows a quick response time of 19 s and a recovery time of 36 s for 400 ppm CO<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. The sensor exhibits a response (R) of 32.5% with a limit of detection of 24.04 ppm, while operating at a low bias of 1 V. The integration of DIW, cost-effective ink formulation, and scalable fabrication is a significant advancement for real-time CO<inline-formula><tex-math>$_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> monitoring at low power.","PeriodicalId":13014,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Letters","volume":"9 6","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Sensors Letters","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11006525/","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO$_{2}$) is a significant greenhouse gas and an essential indicator of effective air circulation in enclosed spaces, requiring precise and continuous monitoring. Traditional chemiresistive CO$_{2}$ sensors have high operating temperatures that require external heating elements limiting their applicability in low-power portable electronics. This work demonstrates a miniaturized printed CO$_{2}$ gas sensor, based on aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and silver nanowire (Ag NW) nanocomposite ink, which operates efficiently at room temperature. The AZO-Ag NW nanocomposite ink is optimized for direct ink writing (DIW) to obtain a uniform printed pattern. The composite ink helps overcome the inherent high resistance of AZO nanostructures by taking advantage of Ag NW's high conductivity and surface reactivity. The sensor shows a quick response time of 19 s and a recovery time of 36 s for 400 ppm CO$_{2}$. The sensor exhibits a response (R) of 32.5% with a limit of detection of 24.04 ppm, while operating at a low bias of 1 V. The integration of DIW, cost-effective ink formulation, and scalable fabrication is a significant advancement for real-time CO$_{2}$ monitoring at low power.