Exploring the effects of Mn substitution on structural, morphological and electrical properties of Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 ceramics

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.02.152

Tuntun Shah , Biswajit Dalai , Hari Sankar Mohanty , Krishnamayee Bhoi , Bijuni C. Sutar , Dillip K. Pradhan

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Abstract

This report examines the effects of manganese (Mn) substitution on structural, morphological and electrical properties of the sol-gel-fabricated zinc modified cobalt ferrite (Co_0.7Zn_0.3Fe₂O₄) ceramics. Co_0.7Zn_0.3Fe_(2-y)Mn_yO₄ (0.05 ≤ y ≤ 0.30) were synthesized employing sol-gel auto-combustion technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows formation of single-phase Co_0.7Zn_0.3Fe_(2-y)Mn_yO₄ (CZFMO) without emergence of any impurity phases. XRD patterns were refined by considering Fd-3m space group in a cubic spinel crystal structure which further confirms formation of single phase Co_0.7Zn_0.3Fe_(2-y)Mn_yO₄. The average particle size of Co_0.7Zn_0.3Fe_(2-y)Mn_yO₄ estimated using Williamson-Hall method, was found to increase from 31.52 nm to 96.55 nm with increasing Mn concentration. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) micrographs reveal an even distribution of grain sizes along with existence of minimal amounts of pores across the sample microstructure. The elemental accuracy of these samples was confirmed by EDX characterization. The temperature dependent dielectric properties are studied over wide frequency ranges. Among the prepared compounds, maximum value of dielectric constant is obtained for Co_0.7Zn_0.3Fe_1.75Mn_0.25O₄ composition. The dielectric relaxation behaviour of the non-Debye type was found using complex impedance and complex modulus spectroscopy methods. Nyquist plot is used to investigate the existence of grain and grain boundary involvement to impedance spectra in modified cobalt ferrite samples. Temperature-dependent of AC conductivity (σ_ac) study also suggests the presence of negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behaviour in Co_0.7Zn_0.3Fe_(2-y)Mn_yO₄ ceramics and follows overlapping large polaron tunnelling (OLPT) conduction mechanism. The Jonscher's power law provides a good fit for AC conductivity spectra of all the compounds. The total resistivity of the synthesized compounds is increased by increasing Mn content. The chosen series of compounds may be considered a viable alternative for the creation of sophisticated electrical gadgets like actuators, microwave applications, telecommunications and electro-optic light valves.

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探讨Mn取代对Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4陶瓷结构、形貌和电学性能的影响

本文研究了锰（Mn）取代对溶胶-凝胶法制备的锌改性钴铁氧体（Co0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4）陶瓷的结构、形态和电学性能的影响。采用溶胶-凝胶自燃烧技术合成了Co0.7Zn0.3Fe(2-y)MnyO4（0.05≤y≤0.30）。x射线衍射（XRD）图显示，形成了单相Co0.7Zn0.3Fe(2-y)MnyO4 (CZFMO)，未出现任何杂质相。考虑立方尖晶石晶体结构中的Fd-3m空间群，对XRD谱图进行了细化，进一步证实了单相Co0.7Zn0.3Fe(2-y)MnyO4的形成。采用Williamson-Hall法测定的Co0.7Zn0.3Fe(2-y)MnyO4的平均粒径随着Mn浓度的增加从31.52 nm增加到96.55 nm。场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）显微照片显示晶粒尺寸均匀分布，并且在样品微观结构中存在少量孔隙。这些样品的元素准确性通过EDX表征得到证实。在较宽的频率范围内研究了与温度相关的介电特性。在所制备的化合物中，Co0.7Zn0.3Fe1.75Mn0.25O4的介电常数最大。采用复阻抗法和复模量谱法研究了非debye型材料的介电弛豫行为。采用奈奎斯特图研究了改性钴铁氧体样品中晶粒和晶界的存在对阻抗谱的影响。对Co0.7Zn0.3Fe(2-y) myo4陶瓷的交流电导率（σac）的温度依赖性研究表明，Co0.7Zn0.3Fe(2-y) myo4陶瓷存在负电阻温度系数（NTCR）行为，并遵循重叠大极化子隧穿（OLPT）传导机制。Jonscher幂定律可以很好地拟合所有化合物的交流电导率谱。随着Mn含量的增加，合成化合物的总电阻率增加。所选择的一系列化合物可能被认为是制造复杂电子设备（如执行器、微波应用、电信和电光阀）的可行替代方案。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.