Riesgo de enfermedad del hígado graso asociada a la disfunción metabólica en 44.939 trabajadores sanitarios españoles: variables asociadas

IF 0.9 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI:10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102514

P.J. Tárraga Marcos , Á.A. López-González , E. Martínez-Almoyna Rifá , H. Paublini Oliveira , C. Martorell Sánchez , P.J. Tárraga López , J.I. Ramírez-Manent

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Abstract

Objective

To assess the association between sociodemographic variables and lifestyle habits with the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) in Spanish healthcare workers.

Methods

A cross-sectional study including 44,939 healthcare workers. Sociodemographic variables (age, sex, occupation) and lifestyle habits (smoking, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet) were analyzed in relation to MASLD risk scores (FLI, HSI, LAP, ZJU, and FLD). Multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify significant associations.

Results

Higher risk score values were more prevalent in men and increased with age. Nursing assistants and orderlies had a higher risk compared to physicians. Physical inactivity (OR = 2.65; 95% CI: 2.47-2.84) and low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (OR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.69-2.10) were associated with an increased risk of MASLD. Smoking was significantly related to higher risk scores (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.13-1.21).

Conclusions

Age, sex, occupation, smoking, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet influence MASLD risk. Preventive strategies should focus on promoting physical activity, improving dietary habits, and reducing smoking among healthcare workers.

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44 939名西班牙卫生工作者患与代谢功能障碍有关的脂肪肝风险：相关变量

目的评估西班牙卫生保健工作者中社会人口学变量和生活习惯与代谢功能障碍相关脂肪肝（MASLD）风险之间的关系。方法采用横断面研究方法，纳入44,939名医护人员。分析社会人口学变量（年龄、性别、职业）和生活习惯（吸烟、体育活动、坚持地中海饮食）与MASLD风险评分（FLI、HSI、LAP、ZJU和FLD）的关系。多项逻辑回归模型用于识别显著关联。结果较高的风险评分值在男性中更为普遍，且随年龄增长而增加。与医生相比，护理助理和护理员的风险更高。缺乏身体活动(OR = 2.65；95% CI: 2.47-2.84)和地中海饮食依从性低(OR = 1.89；95% CI: 1.69-2.10)与MASLD风险增加相关。吸烟与较高的风险评分显著相关(OR = 1.17；95% ci: 1.13-1.21)。结论年龄、性别、职业、吸烟、体力活动和坚持地中海饮食影响MASLD的发生。预防策略应侧重于促进体育活动、改善饮食习惯和减少卫生保健工作者的吸烟。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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