The Association between Habitual Tub Bathing and Risk of Breast Cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study.

Q2 Medicine

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.5.1615

Naoya Teraoka, Isao Muraki, Hiroyasu Iso, Ryo Kawasaki, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Norie Sawada, - For The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Jphc Study Groupa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Several studies reported that hot tub bathing, a unique Japanese culture, may benefit breast cancer risk factors. It is, however, uncertain whether moderate heat exposure through hot tub bathing could potentially reduce the risk of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate this association through a long-term prospective cohort study conducted in Japan.

Methods: A total of 15,927 Japanese women aged 40-59 years with no history of breast cancer were followed up from 1990 to 2015. The frequency of tub bathing was categorized as 0-2 days/week, 3-4 days/week, and almost every day. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incident breast cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models after adjusting for potential risk factors for breast cancer, including overweight.

Results: During 367,950 person-years of the follow-up period, 370 breast cancer cases were identified. After adjusting for known confounders for breast cancer risk, the multivariable HR (95% CI) of incident breast cancer was 1.23 (0.93-1.62) for 3-4 days/week and 0.72 (0.40-1.31) for ≤2 days/week (trend p=0.90), compared to almost every day of tub bathing (p for trend = 0.90). No association was also seen for pre-menopausal or post-menopausal women and subjective lukewarm, warm, or hot bath temperatures.

Conclusion: We found no reduced risk of breast cancer for women associated with frequent tub bathing. Further research is needed to obtain objective information on the frequency, duration, and water temperature of tub bathing.

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习惯性盆浴与乳腺癌风险之间的关系：基于日本公共卫生中心的前瞻性研究

背景：几项研究报道，日本独特的热水浴盆洗澡可能有利于乳腺癌的危险因素。然而，目前还不确定通过热水浴缸沐浴适度的热量是否能潜在地降低患乳腺癌的风险。在这项研究中，我们旨在通过在日本进行的一项长期前瞻性队列研究来调查这种关联。方法：1990 - 2015年，对15927名年龄40-59岁无乳腺癌病史的日本女性进行随访。浴缸洗澡的频率分为0-2天/周、3-4天/周和几乎每天。在调整了乳腺癌的潜在危险因素（包括超重）后，使用Cox比例风险模型估计乳腺癌事件的风险比（hr）和95%置信区间（CIs）。结果：在367,950人年的随访期间，发现了370例乳腺癌病例。在调整了乳腺癌风险的已知混杂因素后，与几乎每天泡澡的人相比，3-4天/周的乳腺癌发病率的多变量HR （95% CI）为1.23(0.93-1.62)，≤2天/周的发病率的多变量HR （95% CI）为0.72(0.40-1.31)（趋势p=0.90）。绝经前或绝经后妇女与主观温水、温水或热水澡温度也没有关联。结论：我们发现频繁盆浴并没有降低女性患乳腺癌的风险。需要进一步的研究来获得关于浴缸沐浴的频率、持续时间和水温的客观信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

779

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Cancer is a very complex disease. While many aspects of carcinoge-nesis and oncogenesis are known, cancer control and prevention at the community level is however still in its infancy. Much more work needs to be done and many more steps need to be taken before effective strategies are developed. The multidisciplinary approaches and efforts to understand and control cancer in an effective and efficient manner, require highly trained scientists in all branches of the cancer sciences, from cellular and molecular aspects to patient care and palliation. The Asia Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention (APOCP) and its official publication, the Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (APJCP), have served the community of cancer scientists very well and intends to continue to serve in this capacity to the best of its abilities. One of the objectives of the APOCP is to provide all relevant and current scientific information on the whole spectrum of cancer sciences. They aim to do this by providing a forum for communication and propagation of original and innovative research findings that have relevance to understanding the etiology, progression, treatment, and survival of patients, through their journal. The APJCP with its distinguished, diverse, and Asia-wide team of editors, reviewers, and readers, ensure the highest standards of research communication within the cancer sciences community across Asia as well as globally. The APJCP publishes original research results under the following categories: -Epidemiology, detection and screening. -Cellular research and bio-markers. -Identification of bio-targets and agents with novel mechanisms of action. -Optimal clinical use of existing anti-cancer agents, including combination therapies. -Radiation and surgery. -Palliative care. -Patient adherence, quality of life, satisfaction. -Health economic evaluations.