Evaluation of In Vitro Anticancer Activity and Apoptotic Potential of Wrightia Tinctoria Bark Extracts on Oral Cancer Cell Lines.

Q2 Medicine

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.5.1753

Deepa Anchalayil Gopalakrishnan, Beena Valappil Thannikunnath, Rajesh Ramachandran, Sudha Sivasankar

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Abstract

Background and objectives: Bioprospecting of indigenous plants for biological/cytotoxic properties has become an area of growing interest in cancer research. Wrightia tinctoria is a lesser-studied plant widely distributed in India which is commonly used in traditional medicinal systems like Ayurveda and Siddha and holds potential as a source for novel therapeutic agents. In this study, the cytotoxic effects of Wrightia tinctoria bark extracts on oral cancer (KB) cell lines were evaluated, focusing on three different extraction solvents ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the cytotoxic effects of Wrightia tinctoria bark extracts, while also investigating their potential to induce apoptosis which can contribute into exploration of new plant based anticancer agents.

Methods: Cytotoxic effects of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts of Wrightia tinctoria bark were evaluated on human oral cancer cells (KB cell line). Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazoline- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay). Apoptosis was evaluated by acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) double staining method and expression of apoptotic enzymes Caspase 3 and Caspase 7 were measured by quantitative indirect ELISA technique.

Results: Ethanol extract of Wrightia tinctoria bark exhibited highest cytotoxic activity towards oral cancer cell lines. The half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the ethanol, ethyl acetate, aqueous extracts were 75.084µg/ml, 179.743µg/ml and 115.258 µg/ml respectively. IC 50 concentration of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts stimulated significant apoptosis in KB cells. Indirect ELISA showed increased expression of caspase 3 and caspase 7 among the cells on treatment with ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts.

Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Wrightia tinctoria bark exhibited highest cytotoxic activity towards oral cancer cell lines and induced apoptotic changes. Further research may help us to identify newer, better anti cancer agents against oral cancer from Wrightia tinctoria bark.

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白桦树皮提取物对口腔癌细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性和凋亡潜力的研究。

背景和目的：对本土植物的生物/细胞毒性特性进行生物勘探已成为癌症研究中一个日益关注的领域。白桦是一种研究较少的植物，广泛分布在印度，通常用于阿育吠陀和悉达等传统医疗系统，并具有作为新型治疗药物来源的潜力。本研究以三种不同的提取溶剂乙醇、乙酸乙酯和水为研究对象，研究了白桦树皮提取物对口腔癌（KB）细胞株的细胞毒作用。本研究旨在评价和比较白桦树皮提取物的细胞毒作用，同时研究其诱导细胞凋亡的潜力，为开发新的植物抗癌药物提供依据。方法：研究了乙醇、乙酸乙酯和白桦树皮水提物对人口腔癌细胞（KB细胞系）的细胞毒作用。采用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑啉-2 -基）-2,5-二苯基溴化四唑（MTT）测定细胞活力。采用吖啶橙（AO）和溴化乙啶（EB）双染色法检测细胞凋亡，采用间接定量ELISA法检测凋亡酶Caspase 3和Caspase 7的表达。结果：白桦树皮乙醇提取物对口腔癌细胞的细胞毒活性最高。乙醇、乙酸乙酯、水提液的半数最大抑制浓度（IC50）分别为75.084µg/ml、179.743µg/ml和115.258µg/ml。ic50浓度乙醇和乙酸乙酯提取物可显著刺激KB细胞凋亡。间接ELISA法显示，乙醇和乙酸乙酯提取物处理的细胞中caspase 3和caspase 7的表达增加。结论：白桦树皮乙醇提取物对口腔癌细胞具有较高的细胞毒活性，可诱导细胞凋亡。进一步的研究可能有助于我们从白桦树皮中发现更新、更好的口腔癌抗癌药物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

779

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Cancer is a very complex disease. While many aspects of carcinoge-nesis and oncogenesis are known, cancer control and prevention at the community level is however still in its infancy. Much more work needs to be done and many more steps need to be taken before effective strategies are developed. The multidisciplinary approaches and efforts to understand and control cancer in an effective and efficient manner, require highly trained scientists in all branches of the cancer sciences, from cellular and molecular aspects to patient care and palliation. The Asia Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention (APOCP) and its official publication, the Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (APJCP), have served the community of cancer scientists very well and intends to continue to serve in this capacity to the best of its abilities. One of the objectives of the APOCP is to provide all relevant and current scientific information on the whole spectrum of cancer sciences. They aim to do this by providing a forum for communication and propagation of original and innovative research findings that have relevance to understanding the etiology, progression, treatment, and survival of patients, through their journal. The APJCP with its distinguished, diverse, and Asia-wide team of editors, reviewers, and readers, ensure the highest standards of research communication within the cancer sciences community across Asia as well as globally. The APJCP publishes original research results under the following categories: -Epidemiology, detection and screening. -Cellular research and bio-markers. -Identification of bio-targets and agents with novel mechanisms of action. -Optimal clinical use of existing anti-cancer agents, including combination therapies. -Radiation and surgery. -Palliative care. -Patient adherence, quality of life, satisfaction. -Health economic evaluations.