Investigation Role of Toll-like Receptor-9 Gene and miR-155 Expression Levels in Acute Myeloid Leukemia via Quantitative Real-Time PCR.

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the mRNA expression levels of Toll-like receptor 9 and microRNA-155 in Iraqi patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) within a case-control study framework. Additionally, the study will assess relevant hematological parameters.

Methods: This study enrolled 40 Iraqi patients diagnosed with AML who were undergoing chemotherapy and experiencing relapse, and 40 healthy individuals as a control group. Hematological parameters were measured using a complete blood count (CBC) device. RNA was extracted from samples, quantified, and assessed for purity. Subsequently, RNA was reverse-transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA). The relative expression levels of TLR-9 and miR-155 genes were quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Result: Hemoglobin, erythrocyte, hematocrit, and platelet levels exhibited significant differences between AML patients and healthy controls. In contrast, white blood cell and lymphocyte counts were not significantly different between the two groups. TLR-9 gene expression was comparable between healthy controls and AML patients, with fold change values of 1.000 and 1.49, respectively. However, miR-155 expression was significantly lower in AML patients compared to healthy controls, with fold change values of 0.608 and 1.000, respectively.

Conclusion: To evade host immune surveillance, cancer cells may downregulate the expression of TLR-9 and miR-155. This dysregulation may contribute to the progression and development of AML. Furthermore, the downregulation of miR-155 and dysregulation of TLR-9 during oncogenesis may serve as potential prognostic markers for AML patients.