Role and mechanism of gut microbiota-host interactions in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

International Journal of Colorectal Disease Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI:10.1007/s00384-025-04917-7

Yao Xu, Runxiang Xie, Yuqing Weng, Yewei Fang, Shuan Tao, He Zhang, Huimin Chen, Axiang Han, Qi Jiang, Wei Liang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease with a poor prognosis. Despite its increasing incidence, curing CD remains challenging due to its complex etiology and unclear pathogenesis.

Methods: A comprehensive PubMed and Web of Science search was conducted using the keywords Crohn's disease, gut microbiota, dysbiosis, pathogenesis and treatment, focusing on studies published between 2014 and 2024.

Results: Recent studies have demonstrated a close relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and the development of CD. Although many dysbioses associated with CD have not yet been proven to be causal or consequential, it has been observed that the gut microbiota in CD patients exhibits reduced diversity, a decrease in beneficial bacteria, and an increase in pathogenic bacteria. These changes may lead to decreased intestinal barrier function, abnormal immune responses, and enhanced inflammatory reactions, which are related to the disease's activity, phenotype, drug treatment efficacy, and postoperative therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, further exploration of the microbiota-host interactions and the pathogenesis of CD, the identification of biomarkers, and the development of targeted strategies for modulating the gut microbiota could offer new avenues for the prevention and treatment of CD.

Conclusions: This review highlights the pivotal role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in driving CD pathogenesis and its progression, while underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target through dietary modulation, microbial interventions, and integrative strategies to improve clinical management and prognostic outcomes.

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肠道微生物-宿主相互作用在克罗恩病发病机制中的作用和机制。

背景：克罗恩病（CD）是一种慢性、非特异性炎症性肠病，预后较差。尽管其发病率越来越高，但由于其复杂的病因和不明确的发病机制，治疗乳糜泻仍然具有挑战性。方法：以2014年至2024年间发表的克罗恩病、肠道菌群、生态失调、发病机制和治疗为关键词，对PubMed和Web of Science进行综合检索。结果：最近的研究表明，肠道菌群失调与乳糜泻的发展密切相关。尽管许多与乳糜泻相关的菌群失调尚未被证明是因果关系或结果性的，但已经观察到，乳糜泻患者肠道菌群的多样性降低，有益菌减少，致病菌增加。这些变化可能导致肠道屏障功能下降，免疫反应异常，炎症反应增强，这与疾病的活动性、表型、药物治疗效果和术后治疗结果有关。因此，进一步探索微生物与宿主的相互作用和CD的发病机制，鉴定生物标志物，制定有针对性的调节肠道微生物群的策略，可能为CD的预防和治疗提供新的途径。这篇综述强调了肠道菌群失调在驱动CD发病及其进展中的关键作用，同时强调了通过饮食调节、微生物干预和综合策略改善临床管理和预后结果的治疗靶点的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Colorectal Disease 医学-外科

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

206

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Colorectal Disease, Clinical and Molecular Gastroenterology and Surgery aims to publish novel and state-of-the-art papers which deal with the physiology and pathophysiology of diseases involving the entire gastrointestinal tract. In addition to original research articles, the following categories will be included: reviews (usually commissioned but may also be submitted), case reports, letters to the editor, and protocols on clinical studies. The journal offers its readers an interdisciplinary forum for clinical science and molecular research related to gastrointestinal disease.