Circulating MicroRNA-1 for the early prediction of unstable angina and the value of second coronary angiography in type 2 diabetes patients with chest pain and no ST-T changes on electrocardiograms.

Abstract

Background: To investigate the early diagnostic value of circulating microRNA-1 for unstable angina (UA) in type 2 diabetes patients presenting with chest pain as the main symptom and without ST-T changes on electrocardiograms and to assess the predictive value of microRNA-1 for the need for a second coronary angiography (CAG) in these UA patients.

Methods: All hospitalized patients with chest pain undergoing first-time CAG demonstrated no ST-T changes on initial and pre-CAG electrocardiograms and normal initial high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I levels. Plasma microRNA-1 levels were measured via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction within 3 h of chest pain onset. UA patients were followed up for 5 years through phone calls and outpatient visits. The endpoints included second CAG and all-cause mortality.

Results: A total of 127 patients were enrolled, with 62 in the UA group and 65 in the non-UA group. MicroRNA-1, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and diabetes duration were significantly greater in the UA group than in the non-UA group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for microRNA-1 in diagnosing UA was 0.811. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that microRNA-1 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were predictive factors for UA. No UA patients were lost to follow-up or died during the follow-up period. Patients who underwent a second CAG had significantly higher microRNA-1 levels than those who did not. Binary logistic regression revealed that microRNA-1 and hemoglobin a1c were predictive factors for second CAG in UA patients during follow-up. Cox regression analysis revealed that microRNA-1 was an independent risk factor for a second CAG during follow-up in UA patients. Using the Youden index, the optimal cut-off value of microRNA-1 (2^-ΔΔCt) for UA diagnosis was determined to be 1.510, which stratified UA patients into high- and low-expression groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the microRNA-1 high-expression group had a significantly greater proportion of second CAG than did the microRNA-1 low-expression group.

Conclusions: For type 2 diabetes patients with acute chest pain, no ST-T changes on electrocardiograms, and negative high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, microRNA-1 may offer early diagnostic value for UA and could serve as an independent risk factor for the need for a second CAG within 5 years.