Polyadic Grooming Patterns and Network in a Free-Ranging Group of Japanese Macaques at Awajishima

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Yu Kaigaishi, Masayuki Nakamichi, Kazunori Yamada
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Grooming is the most common affiliative behavior in many primate species. While traditionally viewed as an exclusively dyadic interaction, polyadic grooming involving more than two individuals also occurs. Few studies have explored the characteristics or functions of polyadic grooming in comparison with dyadic grooming. However, some studies suggest that polyadic grooming may have distinct characteristics and could be associated with social tolerance. We analyzed polyadic grooming patterns and its network structure in a free-ranging group of Japanese macaques at Awajishima, Japan. This group exhibited higher social tolerance than typical Japanese macaque groups. We found that polyadic grooming was common in this group, with higher frequency than other Japanese macaque groups as well as other primate species except chimpanzees. We also found that polyadic grooming typically occurred with multiple groomers sharing a single groomee, a pattern commonly observed across most primate species. Social network analyses showed that the polyadic grooming network was centralized around high-ranking males, reflecting the frequent grooming from multiple females to a single adult male. In addition, the network of polyadic grooming was less dense and more cliquish than that of dyadic grooming. This potentially suggested that polyadic grooming was more strongly kin-biased than dyadic grooming. Our results support the prediction that polyadic grooming may be associated with higher levels of social tolerance. Moreover, polyadic grooming may function to access valuable social partners more efficiently than dyadic grooming.

浅岛自由放养的日本猕猴群的多元梳理模式和网络
在许多灵长类动物中,梳理毛发是最常见的亲密行为。虽然传统上被认为是一种完全的二元互动,但涉及两个以上个体的多元梳理也会发生。很少有研究探讨多元梳理与二元梳理的特点或功能。然而,一些研究表明,多元梳理可能有不同的特征,可能与社会宽容有关。我们分析了日本Awajishima一群自由放养的日本猕猴的多元梳理模式及其网络结构。这一群体比典型的日本猕猴群体表现出更高的社会容忍度。我们发现多元梳理在这一群体中很常见,比其他日本猕猴群体以及除黑猩猩以外的其他灵长类物种的频率都要高。我们还发现,多元梳理通常发生在多个梳理者共用一个梳理者的情况下,这种模式在大多数灵长类物种中都很常见。社会网络分析表明,多元梳理网络集中在地位较高的雄性周围,反映了多个雌性对单个成年雄性的频繁梳理。此外,与二元梳理相比,多元梳理的网络密度更小,更具有派系性。这可能表明,多元梳理比二元梳理更具亲缘倾向。我们的研究结果支持了多元梳理可能与更高的社会容忍度有关的预测。此外,多元梳理可能比二元梳理更有效地获得有价值的社会伙伴。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The objective of the American Journal of Primatology is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings among primatologists and to convey our increasing understanding of this order of animals to specialists and interested readers alike. Primatology is an unusual science in that its practitioners work in a wide variety of departments and institutions, live in countries throughout the world, and carry out a vast range of research procedures. Whether we are anthropologists, psychologists, biologists, or medical researchers, whether we live in Japan, Kenya, Brazil, or the United States, whether we conduct naturalistic observations in the field or experiments in the lab, we are united in our goal of better understanding primates. Our studies of nonhuman primates are of interest to scientists in many other disciplines ranging from entomology to sociology.
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