Circulating Tumor Cell Detection for Therapeutic and Prognostic Roles in Breast Cancer

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70902

Saiying Ma, Xiaojia Wang, Peter Ping Lin, Lei Lei

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Abstract

Background

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are pivotal liquid biopsy (LB) biomarkers for breast cancer (BC), offering non-invasive insights into tumor progression and metastasis. Despite their clinical promise, CTC detection remains technically challenging due to their extreme rarity in peripheral blood.

Methods

This review systematically evaluates CTC detection methodologies, including immunoaffinity-based approaches and biophysical techniques, which exhibit inherent trade-offs in sensitivity, specificity, and compatibility with downstream analyses. Furthermore, post-isolation molecular characterization methods spanning genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses are also critically assessed.

Key Findings

CTC molecular profiling holds significant clinical relevance, enabling early diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and real-time monitoring of therapeutic response. Baseline CTC counts or quantitative/phenotypic changes during treatment inform therapeutic decision-making, predict drug resistance, and correlate with recurrence risk and metastatic progression.

Conclusion

Multimodal analysis integrating CTC morphology, surface markers, and molecular alterations advances precision therapy. However, standardization of detection platforms and clinical validation of CTC-guided protocols remain essential.

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循环肿瘤细胞检测在乳腺癌治疗和预后中的作用

循环肿瘤细胞（CTCs）是乳腺癌（BC）的关键液体活检（LB）生物标志物，为肿瘤进展和转移提供了非侵入性的见解。尽管CTC具有临床应用前景，但由于其在外周血中极为罕见，因此在技术上仍然具有挑战性。本综述系统地评价了CTC检测方法，包括基于免疫亲和的方法和生物物理技术，这些方法在敏感性、特异性和与下游分析的兼容性方面表现出固有的权衡。此外，分离后的分子表征方法跨越基因组，转录组和蛋白质组分析也进行了严格的评估。CTC分子谱分析具有重要的临床意义，可以实现早期诊断、预后分层和实时监测治疗反应。基线CTC计数或治疗期间的定量/表型变化为治疗决策提供信息，预测耐药性，并与复发风险和转移进展相关。结论综合CTC形态、表面标记和分子改变的多模态分析有助于精准治疗。然而，检测平台的标准化和ctc指导方案的临床验证仍然至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.