A 0.92-pJ/b 112-Gb/s PAM-4 Transmitter With Bandwidth and Linearity Enhanced Quasi-Voltage-Mode Driver and Reconfigurable Three-Tap T/2–T Variable Fractional-Spaced FFE in 28-nm CMOS

IF 5.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI:10.1109/TCSI.2025.3558331

Ka’Nan Wang;Renjie Tang;Shuyi Xiang;Yukun He;Yunxiang He;Xiaoyan Gui

{"title":"A 0.92-pJ/b 112-Gb/s PAM-4 Transmitter With Bandwidth and Linearity Enhanced Quasi-Voltage-Mode Driver and Reconfigurable Three-Tap T/2–T Variable Fractional-Spaced FFE in 28-nm CMOS","authors":"Ka’Nan Wang;Renjie Tang;Shuyi Xiang;Yukun He;Yunxiang He;Xiaoyan Gui","doi":"10.1109/TCSI.2025.3558331","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a 112-Gb/s four-level pulse-amplitude modulation transmitter implemented in a 28-nm CMOS process. An innovative quasi-voltage-mode driver is proposed, which demonstrates similar bandwidth compared to the current-mode logic driver with an approximately 30% power reduction and provides flexible linearity fine-tuning. The TX architectures with and without the pre-driver stage are optimized to exploit the bandwidth limit further. A three-tap T/2–T variable-spaced feed-forward equalizer is designed to realize reconfigurable 0.5-T, 0.6-T, 0.75-T, and 1-T tap delays, which enables customized eye-opening optimization under different data rates and channel responses. The measurement results show that the energy efficiency of the proposed TX is 0.92 pJ/b with a 0.9-Vppd DC output swing, and the best level separation mismatch ratios are 99.8% and 99.6% at 100-Gb/s and 112-Gb/s, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13039,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","volume":"72 6","pages":"2664-2675"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10964389/","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study presents a 112-Gb/s four-level pulse-amplitude modulation transmitter implemented in a 28-nm CMOS process. An innovative quasi-voltage-mode driver is proposed, which demonstrates similar bandwidth compared to the current-mode logic driver with an approximately 30% power reduction and provides flexible linearity fine-tuning. The TX architectures with and without the pre-driver stage are optimized to exploit the bandwidth limit further. A three-tap T/2–T variable-spaced feed-forward equalizer is designed to realize reconfigurable 0.5-T, 0.6-T, 0.75-T, and 1-T tap delays, which enables customized eye-opening optimization under different data rates and channel responses. The measurement results show that the energy efficiency of the proposed TX is 0.92 pJ/b with a 0.9-Vppd DC output swing, and the best level separation mismatch ratios are 99.8% and 99.6% at 100-Gb/s and 112-Gb/s, respectively.

查看原文本刊更多论文

一个0.92 pj /b的112gb /s PAM-4发射机，具有带宽和线性增强的准电压模式驱动和可重构的三分导T/ 2-T可变分数间隔FFE

本研究提出了一种采用28纳米CMOS工艺实现的112 gb /s四电平脉冲幅度调制发射机。提出了一种创新的准电压模式驱动器，与电流模式逻辑驱动器相比，它具有相似的带宽，功耗降低约30%，并提供灵活的线性微调。带和不带预驱动阶段的TX架构都经过优化，以进一步利用带宽限制。设计了三分路T/2分路变间隔前馈均衡器，实现可重构的0.5-T、0.6-T、0.75-T和1-T分路延迟，可在不同数据速率和信道响应下实现定制化的大开眼优化。测量结果表明，在直流输出摆幅为0.9 vppd的情况下，所提出的TX的能量效率为0.92 pJ/b，在100 gb /s和112 gb /s下，最佳电平分离失配率分别为99.8%和99.6%。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

11.80%

发文量

441

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： TCAS I publishes regular papers in the field specified by the theory, analysis, design, and practical implementations of circuits, and the application of circuit techniques to systems and to signal processing. Included is the whole spectrum from basic scientific theory to industrial applications. The field of interest covered includes: - Circuits: Analog, Digital and Mixed Signal Circuits and Systems - Nonlinear Circuits and Systems, Integrated Sensors, MEMS and Systems on Chip, Nanoscale Circuits and Systems, Optoelectronic - Circuits and Systems, Power Electronics and Systems - Software for Analog-and-Logic Circuits and Systems - Control aspects of Circuits and Systems.