Effect of oxynitriding gas mixture ratios on friction and wear characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.132315

Se-Yeong Park, Yong-Jae Lee, Dong-Geun Lee

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Abstract

The surface properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were improved using the VRO (Vacuum Rapid Oxynitriding) process. This thermal diffusion treatment was carried out based on the nitrogen and oxygen mixed gas ratio. The focus of this study was to determine the optimal gas mixing ratio to form a ternary TiN_XO_1-X composition that exhibits superior mechanical properties compared to nitride and oxide layers. Additionally, the influence of nitrogen and oxygen ratio on the formation mechanism of TiN_XO_1-X layer was investigated. The results showed that TiN_XO_1-X, formed of nitrogen and oxygen with similar atomic radii under 50 % oxygen conditions, showed the highest phase fraction, improving surface hardness and wear resistance. Additionally, all surface treated samples showed both abrasive wear and adhesive wear, but as the oxygen content increased, the wear mechanism switched to abrasive wear. This change is due to the formation of twins accompanied by an oxynitride layer, which increases the resistance to deformation. Under 50 % oxygen conditions, this optimized combination is expected to significantly improve the surface properties of Ti-6Al-4V.

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氧氮化气体配比对Ti-6Al-4V合金摩擦磨损特性的影响

采用真空快速渗氧工艺改善了Ti-6Al-4V合金的表面性能。该热扩散处理是基于氮氧混合气体比进行的。本研究的重点是确定最佳气体混合比例，以形成与氮化物和氧化物层相比具有优越机械性能的三元TiNXO1-X组合物。此外，还研究了氮氧比对TiNXO1-X层形成机理的影响。结果表明，在氧含量为50%的条件下，由原子半径相近的氮和氧组成的TiNXO1-X相分数最高，提高了表面硬度和耐磨性。此外，所有表面处理样品均表现出磨粒磨损和粘着磨损，但随着氧含量的增加，磨损机制转向磨粒磨损。这种变化是由于孪晶的形成伴随着氮化氧层，这增加了变形的阻力。在50%氧气条件下，该优化组合有望显著改善Ti-6Al-4V的表面性能。

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来源期刊

Surface & Coatings Technology 工程技术-材料科学：膜

CiteScore

10.00

自引率

11.10%

发文量

921

审稿时长

19 days

期刊介绍： Surface and Coatings Technology is an international archival journal publishing scientific papers on significant developments in surface and interface engineering to modify and improve the surface properties of materials for protection in demanding contact conditions or aggressive environments, or for enhanced functional performance. Contributions range from original scientific articles concerned with fundamental and applied aspects of research or direct applications of metallic, inorganic, organic and composite coatings, to invited reviews of current technology in specific areas. Papers submitted to this journal are expected to be in line with the following aspects in processes, and properties/performance: A. Processes: Physical and chemical vapour deposition techniques, thermal and plasma spraying, surface modification by directed energy techniques such as ion, electron and laser beams, thermo-chemical treatment, wet chemical and electrochemical processes such as plating, sol-gel coating, anodization, plasma electrolytic oxidation, etc., but excluding painting. B. Properties/performance: friction performance, wear resistance (e.g., abrasion, erosion, fretting, etc), corrosion and oxidation resistance, thermal protection, diffusion resistance, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and properties relevant to smart materials behaviour and enhanced multifunctional performance for environmental, energy and medical applications, but excluding device aspects.