tRNA Fragments in Diabetes Mellitus

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Clinica Chimica Acta Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2025.120405

Jiqing Zhang , Mu Liu , Zhongjun Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review summarizes the research progress on tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications. tsRNAs, categorized into tRNA-derived stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), are involved in gene expression, protein translation, apoptosis, and intercellular communication. As a class of regulatory non-coding RNAs, tsRNAs exhibit significant roles in diabetes mellitus. Specifically, tRF-1:31-Glu-CTC-1-M2 shows early diagnostic value in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), while 5′ValCAC combined with miR-23b-3p distinguishes maternally inherited diabetes from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (AUC = 1.00). tsRNAs demonstrate specific expression in diabetic complications: tRF-3001a and tRF-30 are elevated in diabetic retinopathy (DR) vitreous samples and tRF-Gly-CCC-039 exacerbates diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) progression. Furthermore, specific fragments like 5′tiRNA-His-GTG and tiRNA-Val are implicated in neurovascular dysfunction during DR progression. These findings present novel insights into the precise diagnosis and therapeutic management of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications, underscoring the considerable translational potential of tsRNAs in clinical applications.

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糖尿病中的tRNA片段

本文综述了trna衍生小rna （tsRNAs）在糖尿病及其并发症中的研究进展。tsRNAs分为trna衍生的应激诱导rna （tiRNAs）和trna衍生的片段（tRFs），参与基因表达、蛋白质翻译、细胞凋亡和细胞间通讯。tsRNAs作为一类调节性非编码rna，在糖尿病中发挥着重要作用。其中，tRF-1:31-Glu-CTC-1-M2在妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）中具有早期诊断价值，而5'ValCAC联合miR-23b-3p将母体遗传性糖尿病与2型糖尿病（T2DM）区分开来（AUC = 1.00）。tsRNAs在糖尿病并发症中有特异性表达：tRF-3001a和tRF-30在糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）玻璃体样本中升高，而trf - gly - cc -039会加剧糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）的进展。此外，特定片段如5'tiRNA-His-GTG和tiRNA-Val与DR进展过程中的神经血管功能障碍有关。这些发现为糖尿病和糖尿病并发症的精确诊断和治疗管理提供了新的见解，强调了tsRNAs在临床应用中的巨大转化潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinica Chimica Acta 医学-医学实验技术

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

2.00%

发文量

1268

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： The Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) Clinica Chimica Acta is a high-quality journal which publishes original Research Communications in the field of clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, defined as the diagnostic application of chemistry, biochemistry, immunochemistry, biochemical aspects of hematology, toxicology, and molecular biology to the study of human disease in body fluids and cells. The objective of the journal is to publish novel information leading to a better understanding of biological mechanisms of human diseases, their prevention, diagnosis, and patient management. Reports of an applied clinical character are also welcome. Papers concerned with normal metabolic processes or with constituents of normal cells or body fluids, such as reports of experimental or clinical studies in animals, are only considered when they are clearly and directly relevant to human disease. Evaluation of commercial products have a low priority for publication, unless they are novel or represent a technological breakthrough. Studies dealing with effects of drugs and natural products and studies dealing with the redox status in various diseases are not within the journal''s scope. Development and evaluation of novel analytical methodologies where applicable to diagnostic clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, including point-of-care testing, and topics on laboratory management and informatics will also be considered. Studies focused on emerging diagnostic technologies and (big) data analysis procedures including digitalization, mobile Health, and artificial Intelligence applied to Laboratory Medicine are also of interest.