Association between apolipoprotein B and obesity: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Journal of clinical lipidology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jacl.2025.04.080

Jason Holligan MD, Moatamn Skuk MD, Wael Kanjo MD, Walter Agyeman MD, Elsie Kodjoe MD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background/Synopsis

Apolipoprotein B (apoB) plays a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis, making it an essential biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obesity, a significant global health concern affects 40.3% of adults in the United States of America (US) according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). As rates of both obesity and CVD continue to rise globally, understanding the relationship between obesity and apoB levels is crucial for developing targeted strategies to reduce cardiovascular risks. Despite its importance, few studies have explored the effect of obesity on apoB levels in a large cohort of adults in the US.

Objective/Purpose

This study aims to investigate the association between obesity and apoB levels among US adults.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2016. The sample included 10,539 adults aged 18 years and older who had apoB levels measured, representing approximately 62 million non-institutionalized US adults. Participants were classified as obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) or non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m²). Apo B was analyzed as a continuous variable. Linear regression was performed to assess the association between obesity and apoB levels, adjusting for potential confounders including age, sex, race, diabetes, hypertension, and socioeconomic status. Effect modification was examined by sex and age group (< 65 years vs. ≥ 65 years).

Results

Among the 10,539 participants, the mean age was 48 years, 51% were female, and 41% were White. The average apoB level was 90.5 mg/dL. Obese adults had higher apoB levels (94 mg/dL) compared to non-obese adults (88 mg/dL). A one-unit increase in obesity was associated with a statistically significant 6.91 mg/dL increase in apoB levels [Coefficient: 6.91; p < 0.001; 95% CI: 5.90, 7.95]. After adjusting for confounders, the association remained statistically significant [Coefficient: 6.66; p < 0.001; 95% CI: 5.52, 7.81]. There was no significant difference in the association by sex; however, the association was stronger among younger individuals compared to older adults.

Conclusions

Obesity is significantly associated with higher apoB levels, particularly in younger individuals. Addressing obesity as a key component of CVD prevention strategies may help reduce apoB levels and the associated cardiovascular risk.

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载脂蛋白B与肥胖之间的关系：NHANES数据的横断面分析

载脂蛋白B （apoB）在动脉粥样硬化的发展中起着至关重要的作用，使其成为心血管疾病（CVD）的重要生物标志物。根据疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）的数据，肥胖是一个重大的全球健康问题，影响着美利坚合众国（US） 40.3%的成年人。随着全球肥胖和心血管疾病的发病率持续上升，了解肥胖和载脂蛋白ob水平之间的关系对于制定有针对性的降低心血管风险的策略至关重要。尽管它很重要，但很少有研究探讨肥胖对美国大量成年人载脂蛋白水平的影响。目的/目的本研究旨在探讨美国成年人肥胖与载脂蛋白ob水平之间的关系。方法本横断面研究使用2009-2016年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据。样本包括10,539名年龄在18岁及以上的成年人，他们测量了载脂蛋白ob水平，代表了大约6200万非机构的美国成年人。参与者被分类为肥胖（BMI≥30 kg/m²）或非肥胖（BMI <30 kg/m²）。载脂蛋白B作为一个连续变量进行分析。通过线性回归来评估肥胖和载脂蛋白水平之间的关系，调整潜在的混杂因素，包括年龄、性别、种族、糖尿病、高血压和社会经济地位。效果修改按性别和年龄组进行检验(<；65岁vs.≥65岁)。结果10539名参与者的平均年龄为48岁，51%为女性，41%为白人。平均载脂蛋白为90.5 mg/dL。肥胖成年人的载脂蛋白ob水平（94 mg/dL）高于非肥胖成年人（88 mg/dL）。肥胖增加一个单位与载脂蛋白水平增加6.91 mg/dL有统计学意义相关[系数：6.91；p & lt;0.001;95% ci: 5.90, 7.95]。在调整混杂因素后，相关性仍然具有统计学意义[系数：6.66；p & lt;0.001;95% ci: 5.52, 7.81]。性别间的相关性无显著差异；然而，与老年人相比，这种联系在年轻人中更为强烈。结论肥胖与较高的载脂蛋白水平显著相关，尤其是在年轻人中。将肥胖作为心血管疾病预防策略的关键组成部分可能有助于降低载脂蛋白水平和相关的心血管风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of clinical lipidology 医学-药学

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

6.80%

发文量

209

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Because the scope of clinical lipidology is broad, the topics addressed by the Journal are equally diverse. Typical articles explore lipidology as it is practiced in the treatment setting, recent developments in pharmacological research, reports of treatment and trials, case studies, the impact of lifestyle modification, and similar academic material of interest to the practitioner. Sections of Journal of clinical lipidology will address pioneering studies and the clinicians who conduct them, case studies, ethical standards and conduct, professional guidance such as ATP and NCEP, editorial commentary, letters from readers, National Lipid Association (NLA) news and upcoming event information, as well as abstracts from the NLA annual scientific sessions and the scientific forums held by its chapters, when appropriate.