The prevalence, risk factors, awareness and treatment of depression and anxiety among adults aged 30 years and older in rural China: a cross-sectional study

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Journal of affective disorders Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2025.119516

Wei Tian , Guangcan Yan , Xinyi Zhang , Dong Shui , Tingzhuo Liu , Jiajuan Yang , Zhifang Li , Huinan Hou , Pei Zhang , Chi Hu , Tianyou Hao , Mingjia Bao , Pengpeng Ye , Wei Jiang , Shangzhi Xiong , Lijing L. Yan , Wenjing Tian , Jing Zhang , Ding Ding , Wenran Zhao , Maoyi Tian

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Depression and anxiety are the most common mental disorders in China, contributing to a substantial disease burden.

Methods

This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 240 villages from three provinces in rural China among adults aged 30 years and older. Depression and anxiety were based on self-reported diagnosis, self-reported use of medications, identified diagnosis from health insurance claims, and assessment via validated questionnaires. Prevalence, awareness and treatment rates were estimated. Logistic regression models were used to identify potential risk factors.

Results

A total of 6474 participants were included in this study, with 38.9 % aged ≥60 years and 50.9 % being female. The crude prevalence of depression and anxiety among middle-aged and older individuals was 4.9 % and 2.9 %, respectively. Individuals from Heilongjiang had a higher prevalence than those from Shanxi and Hubei for both depression (8.5 % vs. 4.6 % and 1.7 %) and anxiety (4.6 % vs. 2.8 % and 1.3 %). Many risk factors were significantly associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety. Among individuals with depression, 33 (10.3 %) out of 321 were aware of being diagnosed, and 18 (5.6 %) used antidepressants. Among those with anxiety, 38 (20.0 %) out of 190 were aware of a diagnosis, and 21 (11.1 %) received treatment with anxiolytics.

Conclusions

The extremely low awareness and treatment rates indicate a significant unmet need for mental health services. Government and other stakeholders should raise the awareness of mental health among the communities and implement strategies to improve accessibility to services, to reduce health inequities and the stigma associated with mental disorders.

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中国农村30岁及以上成年人抑郁和焦虑的患病率、危险因素、认知和治疗：一项横断面研究

在中国，抑郁和焦虑是最常见的精神障碍，造成了巨大的疾病负担。方法对中国农村3个省240个村的30岁以上成年人进行横断面调查。抑郁和焦虑是基于自我报告的诊断，自我报告的药物使用，从健康保险索赔中确定的诊断，并通过有效的问卷进行评估。对患病率、知晓率和治疗率进行了估计。Logistic回归模型用于识别潜在的危险因素。结果共纳入6474名受试者，其中年龄≥60岁的占38.9%，女性占50.9%。中年和老年人抑郁和焦虑的粗患病率分别为4.9%和2.9%。黑龙江人的抑郁患病率（8.5%比4.6%和1.7%）和焦虑患病率（4.6%比2.8%和1.3%）均高于山西和湖北人。许多风险因素与抑郁和焦虑风险的增加显著相关。在抑郁症患者中，321人中有33人（10.3%）知道自己被诊断出患有抑郁症，18人（5.6%）使用抗抑郁药。在190名焦虑患者中，38人（20.0%）知道诊断，21人（11.1%）接受了抗焦虑药治疗。结论我国精神卫生服务的知晓率和治疗率极低，精神卫生服务需求未得到满足。政府和其他利益攸关方应提高社区对精神卫生的认识，并实施战略，改善获得服务的机会，减少卫生不公平现象和与精神障碍有关的耻辱。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of affective disorders 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

1319

审稿时长

9.3 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Affective Disorders publishes papers concerned with affective disorders in the widest sense: depression, mania, mood spectrum, emotions and personality, anxiety and stress. It is interdisciplinary and aims to bring together different approaches for a diverse readership. Top quality papers will be accepted dealing with any aspect of affective disorders, including neuroimaging, cognitive neurosciences, genetics, molecular biology, experimental and clinical neurosciences, pharmacology, neuroimmunoendocrinology, intervention and treatment trials.