PVDF/carbon directional microchannels-enhanced ion diode-like hydrogel-based pressure sensors

IF 13.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2025.163780

Xuezhong Wen, Hongjian Zhang, Taeuk Eom, Chang Kyu Jeong, Yong Zhang

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Abstract

Hydrogels are promising candidates for flexible electronics but are often constrained by narrow pressure-sensing ranges and unstable ion migration. To overcome these limitations, we developed an ionic hydrogel sensor incorporating diode-inspired bipolar architectures (PSSNa/PDACl) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)/carbon directional microchannels (PCDMC). The optimized 5-PCNPC hydrogel exhibits a broad pressure-sensing range (2.3–100 kPa) with a sensitivity of 0.360 mV·kPa⁻¹ (a 34.8 % enhancement) and a rectification ratio of 12.9, enabled by PCDMC-guided anisotropic ion transport and rapid stress dissipation (337 ms recovery). With excellent durability over 500 cycles and a power density of 1.17 mW·m⁻², the hydrogel sensor demonstrates its potential in practical applications, including a 5 × 5 touchpad for spatial pressure mapping and real-time monitoring of respiration, swallowing, grasping and locomotion. This study underscores the potential of hydrogel-based sensors with wide-range operability for next-generation wearables and interactive systems.

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PVDF/碳定向微通道增强离子二极管类水凝胶压力传感器

水凝胶是柔性电子器件的有前途的候选者，但往往受到狭窄的压力传感范围和不稳定的离子迁移的限制。为了克服这些限制，我们开发了一种离子水凝胶传感器，结合了二极管启发的双极结构（PSSNa/PDACl）和聚偏氟乙烯/碳定向微通道（PCDMC）。优化后的5-PCNPC水凝胶具有较宽的压敏范围（2.3 ~ 100 kPa），灵敏度为0.360 mV·kPa−1（提高34.8%），精流比为12.9，通过pcdmc引导的各向异性离子传输和快速应力消散（恢复337 ms）实现。该水凝胶传感器具有超过500次循环的优异耐用性和1.17 mW·m−2的功率密度，在实际应用中展示了其潜力，包括用于空间压力映射和实时监测呼吸、吞咽、抓取和运动的5 × 5触摸板。这项研究强调了基于水凝胶的传感器在下一代可穿戴设备和交互系统中具有广泛可操作性的潜力。

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来源期刊

Chemical Engineering Journal 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.70

自引率

9.30%

发文量

6781

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Chemical Engineering Journal is an international research journal that invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. It aims to provide an international platform for presenting original fundamental research, interpretative reviews, and discussions on new developments in chemical engineering. The journal welcomes papers that describe novel theory and its practical application, as well as those that demonstrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. It also welcomes reports on carefully conducted experimental work that is soundly interpreted. The main focus of the journal is on original and rigorous research results that have broad significance. The Catalysis section within the Chemical Engineering Journal focuses specifically on Experimental and Theoretical studies in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, molecular catalysis, and biocatalysis. These studies have industrial impact on various sectors such as chemicals, energy, materials, foods, healthcare, and environmental protection.