Does Retirement Improve Cognitive Functioning? Causal Evidence From Vietnam.

Duc Dung Le, Long Thanh Giang
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Abstract

Objectives: Previous studies examining the effect of retirement on cognitive functioning have primarily been conducted in developed countries with inconclusive findings. This paper contributes to the limited evidence in middle-income countries by investigating this causal relationship in Vietnam.

Methods: We utilized a national survey on older persons for data analysis (N=2,123). Since individuals' decisions to retire are potentially endogenous to their cognitive functioning due to omitted factors, we exploited the official retirement ages for men and women in Vietnam as an instrumental variable for the retirement decision.

Results: We found that retirement improved cognitive functioning. This effect was more pronounced in rural areas but appeared homogeneous across gender and types of occupation. Further investigations on mechanisms suggest that increased hours spent on self-care, social activity engagement, media usage, and sexual activity could be potential pathways through which retirement enhances cognitive functioning.

Discussion: Our findings suggest that activities or interventions aimed at promoting active aging, family solidarity, and community cohesion are crucial for maintaining and improving cognitive functioning in old age.

退休能改善认知功能吗?来自越南的因果证据。
目的:以往研究退休对认知功能的影响主要是在发达国家进行的,结果不确定。本文通过调查越南的这种因果关系,为中等收入国家的有限证据做出了贡献。方法:我们利用全国老年人调查进行数据分析(N= 2123)。由于忽略因素,个人的退休决定可能是其认知功能的内生因素,因此我们利用越南男性和女性的官方退休年龄作为退休决定的工具变量。结果:我们发现退休可以改善认知功能。这种影响在农村地区更为明显,但在性别和职业类型上似乎是相同的。对机制的进一步研究表明,在自我照顾、社会活动参与、媒体使用和性活动上花费的时间增加可能是退休增强认知功能的潜在途径。讨论:我们的研究结果表明,旨在促进积极老龄化、家庭团结和社区凝聚力的活动或干预措施对于维持和改善老年人的认知功能至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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