Historical Note on Multisensory and Motor Facilitation and its Dependence on Brain Excitability Deficit.

IF 1.8 4区 心理学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS
Isabel Gonzalo-Fonrodona
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Abstract

In the context of the great boom in research on multisensory processes initiated with the publication of The Merging of the Senses by Stein and Meredith (1993), and the great achievements since then, we note here the recent posthumous publication of Justo Gonzalo, which is the first English translation of his original publications. He described multisensory phenomena at a functional and macroscopic physiological level in patients with unilateral parieto-occipital cortical lesions in an associative area equidistant from the visual, tactile and auditory areas. The disorder is a multisensory and bilateral alteration called 'central syndrome'. Here we focus on some aspects related to the facilitation effect, i.e., the improvement in the perception of a test stimulus with the help of another stimulus. The greater the lesion and the lower the intensity of the test stimulus, the greater the facilitation effect. One of the most effective facilitating stimuli in these patients was found to come from the motor system, such as muscular effort. The gradation observed between different cortical syndromes led Gonzalo to introduce the concept of functional cortical gradients, whose superposition would result in multisensory zones. The fact that functional behaviour in the central syndrome is considered similar to that of a normal individual, but on a reduced scale of excitability, allows scaling concepts to be applied and some generalisations to be made.

多感觉和运动促进及其对脑兴奋性缺陷的依赖性的历史记录。
斯坦和梅雷迪思1993年出版的《感官的融合》(the merge of the Senses)引发了对多感官过程的研究热潮,此后取得了巨大成就。在这种背景下,我们在这里注意到最近胡斯托·冈萨洛(Justo Gonzalo)的遗作,这是他的原始出版物的第一本英文译本。他描述了在与视觉、触觉和听觉区域等距离的联合区域中,单侧顶枕皮质病变患者在功能和宏观生理水平上的多感觉现象。这种疾病是一种多感觉和双侧改变,称为“中枢综合征”。在这里,我们将重点讨论与促进效应相关的一些方面,即在另一个刺激的帮助下对测试刺激的感知的改善。损伤越大,测试刺激强度越低,促进作用越大。在这些患者中,最有效的促进刺激之一被发现来自运动系统,如肌肉的努力。由于观察到不同皮层综合征之间的梯度,Gonzalo引入了功能性皮层梯度的概念,这些梯度的叠加会导致多感觉区。事实上,中枢综合症的功能行为被认为与正常个体相似,但在兴奋性的程度上有所降低,这允许应用缩放概念并做出一些概括。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Multisensory Research
Multisensory Research BIOPHYSICS-PSYCHOLOGY
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
12.50%
发文量
15
期刊介绍: Multisensory Research is an interdisciplinary archival journal covering all aspects of multisensory processing including the control of action, cognition and attention. Research using any approach to increase our understanding of multisensory perceptual, behavioural, neural and computational mechanisms is encouraged. Empirical, neurophysiological, psychophysical, brain imaging, clinical, developmental, mathematical and computational analyses are welcome. Research will also be considered covering multisensory applications such as sensory substitution, crossmodal methods for delivering sensory information or multisensory approaches to robotics and engineering. Short communications and technical notes that draw attention to new developments will be included, as will reviews and commentaries on current issues. Special issues dealing with specific topics will be announced from time to time. Multisensory Research is a continuation of Seeing and Perceiving, and of Spatial Vision.
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