Repellent Activity of DEET Combined with Botanical Compounds Against Amblyomma sculptum Nymphs: Laboratory and Field Evaluations.

IF 3.3 3区医学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI:10.3390/pathogens14050495

Mayara Macêdo Barrozo, Haile Dean Figueiredo Chagas, Gabrielly Bernardes Rodrigues Damaceno, Emilly Faria Santos, Rafael Assunção Carvalho, Isabela Santos Silva, Francisca Letícia Vale, Lainny Jordana Martins Pereira E Sousa, Hermes Ribeiro Luz, Lorena Lopes Ferreira, Caio Monteiro

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study evaluated the repellent activity of DEET, eugenol, methyl eugenol, 1,8-cineole, and their combinations against Amblyomma sculptum nymphs through laboratory and field tests. Initially, the botanical compounds were tested individually in Petri dish assays to assess repellent activity over various intervals (1 min to 168 h) at concentrations of 2%. Eugenol and methyl eugenol exhibited the highest average repellent percentages (60 to 90%), with significant effects (p < 0.05) across most evaluation periods, in contrast to 1,8-cineole. Therefore, eugenol and methyl eugenol were selected for combination testing with DEET. The combinations of 7% DEET + 1% eugenol and 7% DEET + 2% methyl eugenol showed the best results, with average repellent efficacy exceeding 85%. The first combination was selected for field evaluation. In this test, volunteers wore treated socks and walked for two hours in a naturally infested area. A significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the number of ticks recovered from the socks was observed in the 7% DEET and 7% DEET + 1% eugenol treatments, with efficacies of 82.5% and 88.5%, respectively, after 120 min. Isolated eugenol showed limited field efficacy, with significant repellent activity (p < 0.05) lasting only 20 min. The results highlight the potential of eugenol and methyl eugenol as repellent compounds, especially when combined with DEET. The field study confirmed the efficacy of the 7% DEET + 1% eugenol.

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避蚊胺与植物性化合物联合驱避对雕塑类钝瘤若虫的驱避活性：实验室和现场评价。

本研究通过室内和现场试验，评价避蚊胺、丁香酚、甲基丁香酚、1,8-桉树脑及其组合对雕塑性阳锯若虫的驱避活性。最初，在培养皿试验中单独测试植物化合物，以评估在不同时间间隔（1分钟至168小时）浓度为2%的驱避活性。与1,8-桉叶油脑相比，丁香酚和甲基丁香酚的平均驱避率最高（60 ~ 90%），在大多数评估期间均有显著效果（p < 0.05）。因此，选择丁香酚和甲基丁香酚与避蚊胺进行组合试验。7%避蚊胺+ 1%丁香酚和7%避蚊胺+ 2%甲基丁香酚的组合驱避效果最好，平均驱避效果超过85%。选择第一个组合进行田间评价。在这项测试中，志愿者们穿着处理过的袜子，在自然感染的地区走了两个小时。7%避蚊胺和7%避蚊胺+ 1%丁香酚处理的蜱虫数量显著减少（p < 0.05）， 120 min后的驱避效果分别为82.5%和88.5%。分离丁香酚的现场驱避效果有限，仅持续20 min，显著的驱避活性（p < 0.05）。结果表明丁香酚和甲基丁香酚作为驱避化合物的潜力，特别是与避蚊胺联合使用时。实地研究证实了7%避蚊胺+ 1%丁香酚的效果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pathogens Medicine-Immunology and Allergy

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

8.10%

发文量

1285

审稿时长

17.75 days

期刊介绍： Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817) publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes on all aspects of pathogens and pathogen-host interactions. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided for research articles.