Programming Effects of Maternal Nutrition on Intestinal Development and Microorganisms of Offspring: A Review on Pigs.

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Microorganisms Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI:10.3390/microorganisms13051151

Liang Hu, Fali Wu, Lianqiang Che

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Intestinal development is a critical determinant of growth and overall health in pigs. Accumulating evidence underscores the significant influence of intestinal microbiota on essential physiological functions and systemic health. Dietary nutrients play a pivotal role in regulating both intestinal development and the composition of intestinal microbiota. Optimal early-life nutrient provision ensures proper intestinal growth and functional maturation, with maternal nutrition emerging as a key factor shaping intestinal development during fetal and neonatal stages. This review synthesizes recent studies on maternal nutrient intake-encompassing protein, energy, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, probiotics, and prebiotics-and their effects on intestinal growth and health of offspring. Emerging multi-omics evidence has revealed that gestational and lactational nutrition dynamically coordinates offspring intestinal development through vertical microbial transmission and epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation. These processes further regulate intestinal barrier maturation, mucosal immunity, and enteroendocrine signaling. Collectively, this review emphasizes that enhancing maternal nutrition can promote postnatal growth by enhancing intestinal development and early microbial colonization in piglets. Further research is crucial to determining the optimal nutritional strategies during the perinatal period.

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母体营养对猪子代肠道发育和微生物的编程效应研究进展

肠道发育是猪生长和整体健康的关键决定因素。越来越多的证据强调肠道微生物群对基本生理功能和全身健康的重要影响。膳食营养素在调节肠道发育和肠道菌群组成中起着关键作用。最佳的早期营养供应可确保肠道的正常生长和功能成熟，而母体营养是影响胎儿和新生儿肠道发育的关键因素。本文综述了近年来关于母体营养摄入的研究，包括蛋白质、能量、碳水化合物、矿物质、维生素、益生菌和益生元，以及它们对后代肠道生长和健康的影响。新出现的多组学证据表明，妊娠期和哺乳期营养通过垂直微生物传播和表观遗传机制，如DNA甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化，动态地协调后代肠道发育。这些过程进一步调节肠屏障成熟、粘膜免疫和肠内分泌信号。综上所述，本综述强调加强母体营养可以通过促进仔猪肠道发育和早期微生物定植来促进产后生长。进一步的研究对于确定围产期的最佳营养策略至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Microorganisms Medicine-Microbiology (medical)

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2168

审稿时长

20.03 days

期刊介绍： Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, viruses and prions. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.