Consumption of energy drinks among youth in Spain: trends and characteristics.

IF 3 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

European Journal of Pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI:10.1007/s00431-025-06177-7

Ana Teijeiro, Mónica Pérez-Ríos, Guadalupe García, Lucia Martin-Gisbert, Cristina Candal-Pedreira, Julia Rey-Brandariz, Carla Guerra-Tort, Leonor Varela-Lema, Nerea Mourino

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The aims of this study were to describe the trend across 2014-2023 in the prevalence of the consumption of energy drinks among students aged 14 to 18 years in Spain and the shifting characteristics of consumers. Data source was the microdata of the Survey of Drug Use in Secondary Education in Spain (2014-2023). Prevalence of energy drink consumption was calculated overall, by sex and age, and in the 18 Autonomous Regions. To identify the factors linked to consumption, multivariate models were fitted. Prevalence and adjusted odds ratios are shown with their 95% confidence intervals; the geographic distribution of energy drink consumption was plotted on maps. The prevalence of consumption of energy drinks in the last 30 days ranged from 40.4% (2014) to 47.7% (2023). For any given year, prevalence was higher in boys and varied among regions. Being male, non-Spanish, a repeat student of 1 or more academic years, having no parent with higher education, or consuming tobacco, cannabis, or alcohol increased the likelihood of energy drink consumption.

Conclusions: The prevalence of energy drink consumption among Spanish students aged 14-18 years has shown an upward trend among both sexes, especially among girls. The characteristics of consumers have been stable since 2014. Understanding these trends, factors associated with consumption, and the differences among regions is critical to directing efforts to educate young people about the risks involved and to prevent the initiation of energy drink consumption.

What is known: • The energy drink market has grown since 2000. • Energy drink consumption is higher in adolescents. • Some European countries have taken regulatory measures, such as banning energy drink sales to minors.

What is new: • The prevalence of energy drink consumption among Spanish adolescents has shown an upward trend in 2014-2023. • Prevalence was higher in boys and varied among regions. • The characteristics of consumers were stable during this period.

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西班牙年轻人对能量饮料的消费：趋势和特点。

本研究的目的是描述2014-2023年西班牙14至18岁学生中能量饮料消费的流行趋势以及消费者的变化特征。数据来源为西班牙中等教育药物使用调查（2014-2023）的微观数据。能量饮料消费的流行程度按性别和年龄进行了总体计算，并在18个自治区进行了计算。为了确定与消费相关的因素，我们拟合了多变量模型。患病率和调整后的优势比以其95%置信区间显示；能量饮料消费的地理分布被绘制在地图上。在过去30天内，能量饮料的消费量从40.4%（2014年）到47.7%（2023年）不等。在任何一年里，男孩的患病率都较高，而且各地区有所不同。男性、非西班牙人、一年或一年以上的复读生、没有受过高等教育的父母、吸烟、吸食大麻或饮酒的人都增加了饮用能量饮料的可能性。结论：在西班牙14-18岁的学生中，能量饮料的消费量在两性中都呈上升趋势，尤其是在女孩中。消费者特征自2014年以来保持稳定。了解这些趋势、与消费相关的因素以及地区之间的差异，对于指导年轻人了解所涉及的风险和防止开始饮用能量饮料至关重要。了解情况：•自2000年以来，能量饮料市场一直在增长。•青少年饮用能量饮料的比例更高。•一些欧洲国家已经采取了监管措施，比如禁止向未成年人销售能量饮料。新内容：•2014-2023年，西班牙青少年中能量饮料的消费量呈上升趋势。•男孩患病率较高，各地区差异较大。•消费者特征在此期间保持稳定。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

2.80%

发文量

367

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Pediatrics (EJPE) is a leading peer-reviewed medical journal which covers the entire field of pediatrics. The editors encourage authors to submit original articles, reviews, short communications, and correspondence on all relevant themes and topics. EJPE is particularly committed to the publication of articles on important new clinical research that will have an immediate impact on clinical pediatric practice. The editorial office very much welcomes ideas for publications, whether individual articles or article series, that fit this goal and is always willing to address inquiries from authors regarding potential submissions. Invited review articles on clinical pediatrics that provide comprehensive coverage of a subject of importance are also regularly commissioned. The short publication time reflects both the commitment of the editors and publishers and their passion for new developments in the field of pediatrics. EJPE is active on social media (@EurJPediatrics) and we invite you to participate. EJPE is the official journal of the European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP) and publishes guidelines and statements in cooperation with the EAP.