Influence of Jackfruit Wood Barrels and Chips During Aging on the Quality and Phenolic Compounds of Cachaça.

Abstract

The traditional aging of cachaça has been performed with different types of wood barrels. Although it is efficient for incorporating phenolics, volatiles, and color into the drink, it is time-consuming for the industry. Alternative aging processes, such as the use of wood chips, have been proposed, and they have the advantage of achieving aging in a shorter time and producing a quality and innovative drink. Therefore, the influence of jackfruit wood barrel and chips and micro-aeration was investigated during cachaça aging. For that, five treatments were used-stainless steel tank (control); stainless steel tank and micro-aeration (control); jackfruit wood barrel; stainless steel tank with jackfruit chips; and stainless steel tank with jackfruit chips and micro-aeration-during two aging times (40 and 79 days). Aging cachaça with jackfruit wood led to increased physicochemical, color, and total phenolic contents, whereas alcoholic degree, lightness, and copper contents decreased. No influence was observed on higher alcohols. Nineteen phenolic compounds were identified in the jackfruit wood aged cachaça by HPLC-DAD-FLD. Myricetin was predominant, a potential marker for jackfruit wood. Longer aging time decreased the alcoholic degree and total ester, but it increased dry extract, density, total and volatile acidity, and it improved the quality of cachaça. The use of chips accelerated aging, whereas micro-aeration led to decreased myricetin. PCA and HCA clustered the samples into three groups: the first was correlated with several flavonoids and coumarins; the second with myricetin, piceatannol, and trans-ferulic acid; and the last with ellagic acid. The use of jackfruit chips in the aging of cachaça has been shown to be a promising innovation.