Putative Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inducers Enhance Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Chlorella sorokiniana.

IF 3.8 3区医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Bioengineering Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI:10.3390/bioengineering12050452

Yoomi Roh, Sujeong Je, Naeun Sheen, Chang Hun Shin, Yasuyo Yamaoka

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Abstract

Chlorella, recognized for its high lipid and protein content, is increasingly studied for its potential in the food and bio industries. To enhance its production and understand the underlying mechanisms of lipid accumulation, this study investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in modulating lipid metabolism in Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 2714, using six putative ER stress inducers: 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), dithiothreitol (DTT), tunicamycin (TM), thapsigargin (TG), brefeldin A (BFA), and monensin (Mon). The results showed that 2-DG, DTT, TM, BFA, and Mon significantly inhibited cell growth in C. sorokiniana. Treatment with 2-DG, DTT, TM, BFA, or Mon resulted in substantial increases in the triacylglycerol (TAG) to total fatty acid (tFA) ratio, with fold changes of 14.8, 7.9, 6.2, 10.1, and 8.9, respectively. Among the tFAs, cells treated with these compounds exhibited higher levels of saturated fatty acids and lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In contrast, the fatty acid composition of TAGs showed the opposite trend, with relative enrichment in PUFAs. This study enhances our understanding of Chlorella lipid metabolism, providing valuable insights for optimizing lipid production, particularly TAGs enriched with PUFA content, for applications in functional foods, nutraceuticals, and sustainable bioresources.

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内质网应激诱导剂促进小球藻甘油三酯积累。

小球藻以其高脂和高蛋白质含量而闻名，因其在食品和生物工业中的潜力而受到越来越多的研究。为了促进其产生并了解脂质积累的潜在机制，本研究利用6种内质网（ER）应激诱导剂：2-脱氧-d -葡萄糖（2-DG）、二硫苏糖醇（DTT）、tunicamycin （TM）、thapsigargin （TG）、brefeldin A （BFA）和monenin (Mon)，研究了内质网（ER）应激在调节sorokiniana小球藻UTEX 2714脂质代谢中的作用。结果表明，2-DG、DTT、TM、BFA和Mon均能显著抑制sorokiniana细胞的生长。2-DG、DTT、TM、BFA或Mon治疗导致三酰甘油（TAG）与总脂肪酸（tFA）之比显著增加，分别为14.8、7.9、6.2、10.1和8.9倍。在tfa中，用这些化合物处理的细胞表现出较高水平的饱和脂肪酸和较低水平的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）。相反，TAGs的脂肪酸组成呈现相反的趋势，相对富集PUFAs。这项研究增强了我们对小球藻脂质代谢的理解，为优化脂质生产，特别是富含PUFA含量的标签，在功能食品、营养食品和可持续生物资源中的应用提供了有价值的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Bioengineering Chemical Engineering-Bioengineering

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

8.70%

发文量

661

期刊介绍： Aims Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354) provides an advanced forum for the science and technology of bioengineering. It publishes original research papers, comprehensive reviews, communications and case reports. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. All aspects of bioengineering are welcomed from theoretical concepts to education and applications. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. There are, in addition, four key features of this Journal: ● We are introducing a new concept in scientific and technical publications “The Translational Case Report in Bioengineering”. It is a descriptive explanatory analysis of a transformative or translational event. Understanding that the goal of bioengineering scholarship is to advance towards a transformative or clinical solution to an identified transformative/clinical need, the translational case report is used to explore causation in order to find underlying principles that may guide other similar transformative/translational undertakings. ● Manuscripts regarding research proposals and research ideas will be particularly welcomed. ● Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material. ● We also accept manuscripts communicating to a broader audience with regard to research projects financed with public funds. Scope ● Bionics and biological cybernetics: implantology; bio–abio interfaces ● Bioelectronics: wearable electronics; implantable electronics; “more than Moore” electronics; bioelectronics devices ● Bioprocess and biosystems engineering and applications: bioprocess design; biocatalysis; bioseparation and bioreactors; bioinformatics; bioenergy; etc. ● Biomolecular, cellular and tissue engineering and applications: tissue engineering; chromosome engineering; embryo engineering; cellular, molecular and synthetic biology; metabolic engineering; bio-nanotechnology; micro/nano technologies; genetic engineering; transgenic technology ● Biomedical engineering and applications: biomechatronics; biomedical electronics; biomechanics; biomaterials; biomimetics; biomedical diagnostics; biomedical therapy; biomedical devices; sensors and circuits; biomedical imaging and medical information systems; implants and regenerative medicine; neurotechnology; clinical engineering; rehabilitation engineering ● Biochemical engineering and applications: metabolic pathway engineering; modeling and simulation ● Translational bioengineering