BBX32 integrates ethylene and light signaling to delay apical hook opening and optimize seedling soil emergence

IF 8.3 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI:10.1111/nph.70236

Nevedha Ravindran, Kavuri Venkateswara Rao, Sourav Datta

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In terrestrial plants, seeds often germinate and initiate early development in the darkness under layers of soil. Soil overlay promotes ethylene accumulation to maintain the hook until the seedlings reach the soil surface. During this phase of etiolated growth and soil emergence, seedlings perceive changing light fluence. Coordinated interplay of the ethylene and light signaling pathways ensures optimal timing of apical hook opening and enhanced emergence.
Here, we report that ethylene and light cooperatively act on the B-box protein BBX32 to regulate apical hook opening and enhance soil emergence. Ethylene induces expression and accumulation of BBX32 in the apical hook in the dark. CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 degrades BBX32 in the dark while light enhances BBX32 expression and accumulation in the apical hook during de-etiolation. bbx32 mutants exhibit accelerated apical hook opening, while BBX32 overexpressing lines show delayed opening.
Genetic analyses reveal that BBX32 functions in concert with PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3 to negatively regulate apical hook opening during de-etiolation. BBX32 enhances HOOKLESS 1 expression in a PIF3-dependent manner to delay hook opening. Under soil cover, bbx32 and 35S:BBX32 seedlings exhibit reduced and enhanced seedling emergence, respectively.
Our study illustrates the role of BBX32 in synchronizing light and ethylene-mediated apical hook opening and seedling emergence.

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BBX32结合乙烯和光信号延迟顶端钩打开，优化幼苗出苗

在陆生植物中，种子通常在土层下的黑暗中发芽并开始早期发育。土壤覆盖层促进乙烯积累，以保持钩子，直到幼苗到达土壤表面。在黄化生长和土壤出苗的这个阶段，幼苗感知变化的光影响。乙烯和光信号通路的协调相互作用确保了顶端钩打开的最佳时机和增强的涌现。在此，我们报道了乙烯和光共同作用于B-box蛋白BBX32，以调节顶端钩打开和促进土壤出苗。乙烯诱导BBX32在黑暗中尖钩的表达和积累。在黑暗中，CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1降解BBX32，而在去黄化过程中，光照增强了BBX32在根尖钩的表达和积累。bbx32突变体顶端钩打开速度加快，而bbx32过表达系顶端钩打开时间延迟。遗传分析表明，BBX32与光敏色素相互作用因子3协同作用，在去黄化过程中负向调节根尖钩打开。BBX32以依赖pif3的方式增强HOOKLESS 1的表达，延迟钩子打开。在土壤覆盖下，bbx32和35S: bbx32幼苗出苗率分别降低和增强。我们的研究阐明了BBX32在同步光和乙烯介导的顶端钩打开和幼苗出苗中的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

New Phytologist 生物-植物科学

自引率

5.30%

发文量

728

期刊介绍： New Phytologist is an international electronic journal published 24 times a year. It is owned by the New Phytologist Foundation, a non-profit-making charitable organization dedicated to promoting plant science. The journal publishes excellent, novel, rigorous, and timely research and scholarship in plant science and its applications. The articles cover topics in five sections: Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology. These sections encompass intracellular processes, global environmental change, and encourage cross-disciplinary approaches. The journal recognizes the use of techniques from molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches in plant science. Abstracting and Indexing Information for New Phytologist includes Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, Agroforestry Abstracts, Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index, Botanical Pesticides, CAB Abstracts®, Environment Index, Global Health, and Plant Breeding Abstracts, and others.