Association between epigenetic clock acceleration and malnutrition among adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study

IF 4.1 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI:10.1002/jpen.2778

An Zhou MM, Qun Ye MM, Yonghui Wei MM, Wei-Dong Li MD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

We investigated relationships between nutrition assessment tools (Controlling Nutritional Status [CONUT], Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index [GNRI], and Naples Prognostic Score [NPS]) and epigenetic clocks, evaluating malnutrition's impact on biological aging.

Methods

Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (1999–2002), 2532 participants aged ≥50 years were assessed with three nutrition tools and analyzed against 12 epigenetic clocks using multiple linear regression models adjusted for confounding factors.

Results

Malnutrition prevalence rates were 13.5% (CONUT), 4.2% (GNRI), and 46.8% (NPS). Compared with no-risk groups, moderate-to-severe malnutrition showed significant epigenetic age acceleration, particularly in NPS assessment. GrimAge2Mort demonstrated up to 4.19 years acceleration (in NPS model 3, P < 0.01), DunedinPoAm showed significant increase (in NPS model 3, β = 0.083, P < 0.01), and YangCell significantly decreased (in NPS model 3, β = −0.019, P < 0.01). These associations remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors. A clear dose-response relationship existed between malnutrition and epigenetic age acceleration.

Conclusion

This study provides first systematic evidence of significant associations between malnutrition and epigenetic age acceleration, particularly in moderate-to-severe malnutrition, leading to substantial biological aging acceleration. GrimAge2Mort, DunedinPoAm, and YangCell emerged as stable indicators for assessing nutrition-related biological aging. These findings provide new insights into malnutrition's impact on aging and offer important references for clinical nutrition intervention strategies.

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美国成年人表观遗传时钟加速与营养不良之间的关系：一项横断面研究。

背景：我们研究了营养评估工具（控制营养状态[CONUT]、老年营养风险指数[GNRI]和那不勒斯预后评分[NPS]）与表观遗传时钟之间的关系，评估营养不良对生物衰老的影响。方法：利用国家健康与营养调查数据库（1999-2002），采用3种营养工具对2532名年龄≥50岁的参与者进行评估，并采用校正混杂因素的多元线性回归模型对12种表观遗传时钟进行分析。结果：营养不良患病率分别为13.5% （CONUT）、4.2% （GNRI）和46.8% （NPS）。与无风险组相比，中度至重度营养不良表现出明显的表观遗传年龄加速，特别是在NPS评估中。GrimAge2Mort加速4.19年（在NPS模型3中，P < 0.01）， DunedinPoAm显著增加（在NPS模型3中，β = 0.083, P < 0.01）， YangCell显著降低（在NPS模型3中，β = -0.019, P < 0.01）。在调整混杂因素后，这些关联仍然显著。营养不良与表观遗传年龄加速之间存在明显的剂量-反应关系。结论：本研究首次提供了营养不良与表观遗传年龄加速之间存在显著关联的系统证据，特别是在中度至重度营养不良中，营养不良会导致实质性的生物衰老加速。GrimAge2Mort、DunedinPoAm和YangCell成为评估营养相关生物衰老的稳定指标。这些发现为营养不良对衰老的影响提供了新的认识，并为临床营养干预策略提供了重要参考。

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来源期刊

Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

8.80%

发文量

161

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (JPEN) is the premier scientific journal of nutrition and metabolic support. It publishes original peer-reviewed studies that define the cutting edge of basic and clinical research in the field. It explores the science of optimizing the care of patients receiving enteral or IV therapies. Also included: reviews, techniques, brief reports, case reports, and abstracts.