From mother to piglet: the lasting influence of the maternal microbiome.

IF 4.9 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY
Alessandra Tancredi, Thomas Matthijs, Eric Cox, Filip Van Immerseel, Evy Goossens
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Given their crucial roles in agriculture and biomedical research, promoting pig health is essential. A balanced gut microbiota is vital for immune development, metabolism and pathogen resistance, and requires optimal initial colonization by beneficial bacteria. This becomes particularly evident during early life stages, like suckling and weaning, where disruptions can lead to long-term health issues. Understanding the factors influencing microbiome development during these phases is fundamental for enhancing pig health. On these basis, rectal swab samples from eighteen sow-piglet pairs were collected at multiple time points from 7 days after birth to 10 days post-weaning, and analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This study aims to understand the maternal influence on piglet microbiota development during the suckling-weaning period, exploring microbial diversity, composition and additional influencing factors such as age, piglet and weaning.

Results: α diversity significantly increased with piglet age (p < 0.001) and stabilized upon weaning, with maternal influence and differences between individual piglet affecting variability before weaning. Post-weaning α diversity was influenced by the pen environment (contributing to 14.5-16% of the variability between piglets) rather than age. Both the sow (~ 9.6%) and age of the piglets (20-30%) had a significant impact on the microbial β diversity over the entire timeframe. Moreover, at 10 days post-weaning a significant influence of the cage mates on piglets microbial β diversity was observed (~ 24.6%). Source-tracking analysis revealed a significant maternal contribution to piglet microbiome at 7 days (31.68%), which decreased over time but remained at 13.33% post-weaning. Piglet microbiome exhibited consistency across time, with 22.55-61.23% of bacteria retained from previous stages. Cage mates contributed 53.54% to the microbiome at 10 days post-weaning. Additionally, 68.32% of piglets microbiome at 7 days was derived from sources not included in the study, decreasing to 37.6% by 10 days post-weaning. ASV-level analysis showed that the majority of maternally transmitted ASVs pre-weaning persisted until the last time point, with both beneficial bacteria and pathobionts being transmitted.

Conclusions: This study highlights the significant influence of maternal microbiota on piglet gut microbiome development, affecting both diversity and composition. Beneficial bacteria are transmitted from mothers to offspring and persist through early developmental stages, thereby emphasizing the long-lasting impact of maternal microbiome and the importance of early microbial colonization for piglet health.

从母亲到仔猪:母体微生物群的持久影响。
背景:鉴于猪在农业和生物医学研究中的重要作用,促进猪的健康是必不可少的。平衡的肠道菌群对免疫发育、代谢和病原体抗性至关重要,需要有益菌的最佳初始定植。这在生命的早期阶段尤其明显,比如哺乳期和断奶期,这种中断可能导致长期的健康问题。了解这些阶段影响微生物群发育的因素是提高猪健康的基础。在此基础上,从出生后7天至断奶后10天的多个时间点采集18对母猪仔猪的直肠拭子样本,通过16S rRNA基因测序进行分析。本研究旨在了解哺乳-断奶期间母亲对仔猪微生物群发育的影响,探索微生物的多样性、组成以及年龄、仔猪和断奶等附加影响因素。结果:α多样性随仔猪年龄的增长而显著增加(p)。结论:母体微生物群对仔猪肠道微生物群发育有显著影响,既影响多样性,也影响组成。有益细菌从母体传给后代,并在发育早期持续存在,从而强调了母体微生物组的长期影响以及早期微生物定植对仔猪健康的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
0.00%
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审稿时长
13 weeks
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