The Systemic Impact of Helicobacter pylori Infection on the Microbiome of Whole Digestive Tract Based on Mucosal, Gastric Juice, and Fecal Specimens

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Helicobacter Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI:10.1111/hel.70047

Yuxin Wang, Kai Zhou, Yuexi Zhang, Cailing Li, Yuxin Zhang, Xinlu Ren, Changmin Mi, Lingling Ma, Yuqi Duan, Mengqi Liu, Guangjie Ping, Xueli Tian, Zhiqiang Song

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Recent studies have found that in addition to directly impacting the gastric microbiome, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may cause intestinal microbial dysbiosis. However, most existing studies on the influence of H. pylori infection on the intestinal microbiome used fecal specimens with inconsistent conclusions. Only one limited study on 8 H. pylori-infected patients has previously assessed the impact of H. pylori infection on the microbiome of the entire gastrointestinal tract, finding no significant effect on the bacterial composition of the lower gastrointestinal tract.

Methods

This single-center cross-sectional study collected mucosa of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon, as well as gastric juice and feces from 120 participants of the H. pylori-infected group (HIG) and 30 of the healthy control group (HCG). 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to analyze the bacterial composition and functional pathways, and metagenomics was adopted to assess the composition of viruses, eukaryotes, and archaea in the feces, as well as the antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) and virulence factors of bacteria (VF).

Results

Compared with the HCG, the alpha and beta diversity of bacteria in the mucosa of the whole digestive tract and the gastric juice of the HIG showed significant changes, with increased microbial dysbiosis index and significantly different compositions at the phylum and genus levels. Functional pathway analysis revealed that the metabolic characteristics of the flora changed in the HIG, with site-specific differences. Fecal specimens demonstrated no significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups. In addition, feces-based metagenomic analysis revealed that only eukaryotes had higher diversity in the HIG, whereas viruses and archaea showed no significant changes; the Shannon index of ARG increased; and VF showed no significant change.

Conclusions

This study revealed that H. pylori infection significantly influenced the diversity, composition, and metabolic functional pathway of bacteria in different parts of the digestive tract and the gastric juice. Moreover, fecal microbial composition may not fully represent the mucosal microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300073419

查看原文本刊更多论文

基于粘膜、胃液和粪便标本的幽门螺杆菌感染对全消化道微生物群的全身影响

近年研究发现，幽门螺杆菌感染除了直接影响胃微生物群外，还可能引起肠道微生物生态失调。然而，现有关于幽门螺杆菌感染对肠道微生物群影响的研究大多采用粪便标本，结论不一致。先前只有一项针对8名幽门螺杆菌感染患者的有限研究评估了幽门螺杆菌感染对整个胃肠道微生物组的影响，发现对下胃肠道细菌组成没有显著影响。方法采用单中心横断面研究方法，采集120例幽门螺旋杆菌感染组（HIG）和30例健康对照组（HCG）的食管、胃、小肠、结肠粘膜、胃液和粪便。采用16S rRNA测序分析细菌组成和功能途径，采用宏基因组学方法评估粪便中病毒、真核生物和古细菌的组成，以及细菌的抗生素耐药基因（ARG）和毒力因子（VF）。结果与HCG相比，HIG全消化道黏膜和胃液中α和β细菌多样性发生了显著变化，微生物生态失调指数升高，在门和属水平上的组成差异显著。功能通路分析显示，HIG菌群的代谢特征发生了变化，且存在位点特异性差异。两组粪便标本在上述指标上均无显著差异。此外，基于粪便的宏基因组分析显示，HIG中只有真核生物具有更高的多样性，而病毒和古细菌没有明显变化；ARG Shannon指数升高；VF无明显变化。结论幽门螺旋杆菌感染显著影响了消化道和胃液不同部位细菌的多样性、组成和代谢功能途径。此外，粪便微生物组成可能不能完全代表胃肠道的粘膜微生物组成。中国临床试验注册中心：ChiCTR2300073419

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来源期刊

Helicobacter 医学-微生物学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Helicobacter is edited by Professor David Y Graham. The editorial and peer review process is an independent process. Whenever there is a conflict of interest, the editor and editorial board will declare their interests and affiliations. Helicobacter recognises the critical role that has been established for Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and primary gastric lymphoma. As new helicobacter species are now regularly being discovered, Helicobacter covers the entire range of helicobacter research, increasing communication among the fields of gastroenterology; microbiology; vaccine development; laboratory animal science.