{"title":"Exploration of second and third-harmonic generation in quantum ring/envelopping oxides subjected to a lateral electric field: Case of GaAs/ AlxGa1-xAs","authors":"K. Hasanirokh , A. Naifar","doi":"10.1016/j.micrna.2025.208210","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the first time, this research unlocks the mysterious behavior of localized electrons within a quantum ring (QR) exposed to a lateral x-axis electric flux in the presence of distinct enveloping oxidative environments. The parity symmetry with respect to the x-axis remains conserved, allowing us to classify the electron states based on their parity eigenvalues. Based on our conducted quantitative analysis, we have identified all the decisive metrics (radius ratio, width, relaxation time, electric strength, inner radius and host permittivity) that influence the amplitude of the wavefunction as well as its spatial extent. Second and third harmonic generation coefficients have also been scrutinized and the major outcomes revealed a strong sensitivity to the presence of neighboring oxides. The product of matrix elements exhibits a non-monotonic dependence on QR width, peaking at an intermediate value. With an increasing electrostatic flux ratios, all the resonant frequencies sweep across longer wavelengths with an amplitude improvement for small geometric ratios. The combination of all these factors is expected to open a new avenue for industrial research where QRs are predominantly selected as candidates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100923,"journal":{"name":"Micro and Nanostructures","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 208210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Micro and Nanostructures","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773012325001396","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
For the first time, this research unlocks the mysterious behavior of localized electrons within a quantum ring (QR) exposed to a lateral x-axis electric flux in the presence of distinct enveloping oxidative environments. The parity symmetry with respect to the x-axis remains conserved, allowing us to classify the electron states based on their parity eigenvalues. Based on our conducted quantitative analysis, we have identified all the decisive metrics (radius ratio, width, relaxation time, electric strength, inner radius and host permittivity) that influence the amplitude of the wavefunction as well as its spatial extent. Second and third harmonic generation coefficients have also been scrutinized and the major outcomes revealed a strong sensitivity to the presence of neighboring oxides. The product of matrix elements exhibits a non-monotonic dependence on QR width, peaking at an intermediate value. With an increasing electrostatic flux ratios, all the resonant frequencies sweep across longer wavelengths with an amplitude improvement for small geometric ratios. The combination of all these factors is expected to open a new avenue for industrial research where QRs are predominantly selected as candidates.