Transformation of waste vegetable oil to green fuel in the presence of novel heterogeneous catalysts

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI:10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.101067

Farrukh Jamil , Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb , Ahmad M. Abu-Jrai , Myo Tay Zar Myint , MAA Ghani , Mohammed Al-Abri , Rashid Al-Hajri

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Abstract

Waste vegetable oil, chosen for its abundant availability, is utilised for fuel production via a novel catalyst using a hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) process. The catalyst is novel (based on composition), synthesized by modifying ZrO₂ with Fe₂O₃ and Pt as an active metal, resulting in the final composition of Pt-Fe₂O₃-ZrO₂ by incorporating the incipient impregnation technique. Comprehensive characterisation of the catalyst using XRD, SEM, BET, NH₃-TPD, and XPS confirms its suitability for HDO. The resulting liquid oil, obtained through HDO of waste vegetable oil in the presence of Pt-Fe₂O₃-ZrO₂, consists of hydrocarbon fractions within the aviation fuel and diesel range. Additionally, while waste vegetable oil initially contains even-numbered oxygenated hydrocarbons, the product oil results after HDO contains both odd- and even-numbered hydrocarbons, indicating the occurrence of decarbonylation, decarboxylation, and dehydration reactions. Elemental analysis reveals a 91.3% deoxygenation efficiency, demonstrating the high catalytic activity of the synthesised material and confirming its reusability, which enhances its commercial viability.

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新型多相催化剂催化废植物油转化为绿色燃料

废弃植物油因其丰富的可用性而被选中，通过一种使用加氢脱氧（HDO）工艺的新型催化剂用于燃料生产。该催化剂以Fe2O3和Pt为活性金属对ZrO2进行改性，结合初浸法制备最终组分Pt-Fe2O3-ZrO2，是一种新颖的（基于组成）催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、BET、NH3-TPD和XPS对催化剂进行了综合表征，证实了其对HDO的适用性。废植物油在Pt-Fe2O3-ZrO2存在下HDO得到的液态油由航空燃料和柴油范围内的烃馏分组成。此外，虽然废植物油最初含有偶数的含氧烃，但HDO后的成品油同时含有奇数和偶数的碳氢化合物，这表明发生了脱碳、脱羧和脱水反应。元素分析表明，该合成材料的脱氧效率为91.3%，证明了该合成材料的高催化活性，并证实了其可重复使用性，从而提高了其商业可行性。

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来源期刊

Energy Conversion and Management-X Multiple-

CiteScore

8.80

自引率

3.20%

发文量

180

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： Energy Conversion and Management: X is the open access extension of the reputable journal Energy Conversion and Management, serving as a platform for interdisciplinary research on a wide array of critical energy subjects. The journal is dedicated to publishing original contributions and in-depth technical review articles that present groundbreaking research on topics spanning energy generation, utilization, conversion, storage, transmission, conservation, management, and sustainability. The scope of Energy Conversion and Management: X encompasses various forms of energy, including mechanical, thermal, nuclear, chemical, electromagnetic, magnetic, and electric energy. It addresses all known energy resources, highlighting both conventional sources like fossil fuels and nuclear power, as well as renewable resources such as solar, biomass, hydro, wind, geothermal, and ocean energy.