Chemiluminescence monitoring during an epoxy curing reaction

IF 6.3 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111447

Baptiste Robbiani , Jean-Louis Augé , Marc Guerre , Gilbert Teyssèdre

{"title":"Chemiluminescence monitoring during an epoxy curing reaction","authors":"Baptiste Robbiani , Jean-Louis Augé , Marc Guerre , Gilbert Teyssèdre","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111447","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemiluminescence is one of the ways to monitor chemical reactions, and notably the curing of epoxy resins. The kinetics and conversion of the reaction are classically monitored using total light emission without consideration of the emission spectrum. In the present work, we investigated the chemiluminescence of an imidazole catalyzed epoxy resin during its curing at 90 °C. Attention is paid to the change in the chemiluminescence spectrum with the extent of the reaction. The spectral distribution changes with curing time and exhibits a non-monotonous behavior that correlates well with the chemiluminescence intensity monitored with a photomultiplier. The curing chemiluminescence is attributed to the oxidation of the material in an evolving environment and is promoted by the exothermicity of the curing reaction. After a short period of time where only the oxidation of the catalyst and the hardener are revealed, the reaction rate accelerates and peaks after 40 min of curing at 90 °C. Then, the chemiluminescence spectrum progressively evolves toward the one characteristic of the fully cured resin. This study demonstrates that analyzing the spectral distribution of luminescence can effectively determine the curing reaction stage of a given resin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 111447"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391025002769","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chemiluminescence is one of the ways to monitor chemical reactions, and notably the curing of epoxy resins. The kinetics and conversion of the reaction are classically monitored using total light emission without consideration of the emission spectrum. In the present work, we investigated the chemiluminescence of an imidazole catalyzed epoxy resin during its curing at 90 °C. Attention is paid to the change in the chemiluminescence spectrum with the extent of the reaction. The spectral distribution changes with curing time and exhibits a non-monotonous behavior that correlates well with the chemiluminescence intensity monitored with a photomultiplier. The curing chemiluminescence is attributed to the oxidation of the material in an evolving environment and is promoted by the exothermicity of the curing reaction. After a short period of time where only the oxidation of the catalyst and the hardener are revealed, the reaction rate accelerates and peaks after 40 min of curing at 90 °C. Then, the chemiluminescence spectrum progressively evolves toward the one characteristic of the fully cured resin. This study demonstrates that analyzing the spectral distribution of luminescence can effectively determine the curing reaction stage of a given resin.

查看原文本刊更多论文

环氧固化反应过程中的化学发光监测

化学发光是监测化学反应的方法之一，尤其是环氧树脂的固化。反应的动力学和转化通常是用全光发射来监测的，而不考虑发射光谱。在本工作中，我们研究了咪唑催化环氧树脂在90°C固化过程中的化学发光。注意化学发光光谱随反应程度的变化。光谱分布随固化时间的变化而变化，并表现出与光电倍增管监测的化学发光强度良好相关的非单调行为。固化化学发光归因于材料在不断变化的环境中氧化，并由固化反应的放热性促进。在仅发生催化剂和硬化剂氧化反应的短时间内，反应速率加快，在90℃固化40 min后达到峰值。然后，化学发光光谱逐渐向完全固化树脂的一个特性发展。研究表明，分析发光光谱分布可以有效地确定给定树脂的固化反应阶段。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Polymer Degradation and Stability 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

10.20%

发文量

325

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： Polymer Degradation and Stability deals with the degradation reactions and their control which are a major preoccupation of practitioners of the many and diverse aspects of modern polymer technology. Deteriorative reactions occur during processing, when polymers are subjected to heat, oxygen and mechanical stress, and during the useful life of the materials when oxygen and sunlight are the most important degradative agencies. In more specialised applications, degradation may be induced by high energy radiation, ozone, atmospheric pollutants, mechanical stress, biological action, hydrolysis and many other influences. The mechanisms of these reactions and stabilisation processes must be understood if the technology and application of polymers are to continue to advance. The reporting of investigations of this kind is therefore a major function of this journal. However there are also new developments in polymer technology in which degradation processes find positive applications. For example, photodegradable plastics are now available, the recycling of polymeric products will become increasingly important, degradation and combustion studies are involved in the definition of the fire hazards which are associated with polymeric materials and the microelectronics industry is vitally dependent upon polymer degradation in the manufacture of its circuitry. Polymer properties may also be improved by processes like curing and grafting, the chemistry of which can be closely related to that which causes physical deterioration in other circumstances.