Improving dye-sensitized solar cell longevity: An aerogel encapsulation approach

Abstract

The primary challenge in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is electrolyte leakage, compromising long-term stability and performance. Alternative electrolytes and encapsulation strategies have been explored to address this. In this study, we propose using nitrogen, fluorine, and sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide (NSF-rGO) aerogel as an electrolyte encapsulator within DSSCs. The NSF-rGO aerogel was synthesized using a one-pot hydrothermal technique and serves to trap the liquid electrolyte, enhancing cell stability while maintaining conductivity. Although the initial power conversion efficiency of the NSF-rGO-based DSSC was lower than that of the conventional DSSC, it demonstrated significantly improved long-term stability. After two years, the efficiency drop in the NSF-rGO encapsulated DSSC was notably less than in the conventional design, indicating effective electrolyte retention and resistance to degradation. These results suggest that NSF-rGO aerogel encapsulation is a promising strategy for extending the operational lifespan of DSSCs and contributing to more sustainable energy solutions.