Temporal, Seasonal, and Patient Demographic Trends Among Culture-Confirmed Human Salmonellosis Cases Identify Regional Differences in Salmonella Serotypes Reported in Virginia, USA From 2012 through 2022

IF 2.1 4区农林科学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal of food protection Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI:10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100548

Caroline R. Yates , Daniel L. Weller , Monica A. Ponder , Jingqiu Liao , Kelsey Holloman , Rachel A. Cheng

{"title":"Temporal, Seasonal, and Patient Demographic Trends Among Culture-Confirmed Human Salmonellosis Cases Identify Regional Differences in Salmonella Serotypes Reported in Virginia, USA From 2012 through 2022","authors":"Caroline R. Yates , Daniel L. Weller , Monica A. Ponder , Jingqiu Liao , Kelsey Holloman , Rachel A. Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100548","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The U.S. federal government established a national goal of reducing the salmonellosis incidence to ≤11.5 cases/100,000 persons by 2030. To assess progress toward this goal in Virginia, we used data from culture-confirmed salmonellosis cases reported to the Virginia Department of Health during 2012–2022 (<em>N</em> = 11,411). A Bayesian negative binomial splines model was implemented to estimate changes in incidence/100,000 persons during 2012–2022 statewide and for specific localities (for example: county or independent city). Incidence varied substantially by locality and over time. Output from modeled incidence suggests limited progress toward federal salmonellosis reduction goals in Virginia. During 2012–2022, statewide modeled incidence ranged between 11.6 (in 2022) and 12.9 (in 2018). From 2018 to 2022, there was a consistent decrease in the modeled incidence of culture-confirmed salmonellosis in Virginia. In contrast to FoodNet trends, the inclusion of culture-independent diagnostic tests in the case definition did not significantly reduce the number of culture-confirmed cases, suggesting a high rate of reflex culturing among patients in Virginia. Among 187 <em>Salmonella</em> serotypes reported, 64.2% of culture-confirmed infections were attributed to six serotypes: Typhimurium (including the monophasic variant, I 4,[5],12:i:-; 20.3%), Enteritidis (18.0%), Newport (10.7%), Javiana (7.7%), Bareilly (3.9%), and Braenderup (3.6%). Trends in salmonellosis attributable to specific serotypes varied substantially; modeled incidence of infections caused by some serotypes decreased substantially (e.g., <em>S.</em> Typhimurium/I 4,[5],12:i:-) and others increased (e.g., <em>S.</em> Braenderup). This may indicate that serotype-specific trends may be masking changes in salmonellosis epidemiology and contributing to the apparent overall stability in salmonellosis incidence in Virginia; efforts to meet federal goals may need to be tailored to reduce the incidence of specific serotypes that are increasing in incidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 7","pages":"Article 100548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of food protection","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X25001000","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The U.S. federal government established a national goal of reducing the salmonellosis incidence to ≤11.5 cases/100,000 persons by 2030. To assess progress toward this goal in Virginia, we used data from culture-confirmed salmonellosis cases reported to the Virginia Department of Health during 2012–2022 (N = 11,411). A Bayesian negative binomial splines model was implemented to estimate changes in incidence/100,000 persons during 2012–2022 statewide and for specific localities (for example: county or independent city). Incidence varied substantially by locality and over time. Output from modeled incidence suggests limited progress toward federal salmonellosis reduction goals in Virginia. During 2012–2022, statewide modeled incidence ranged between 11.6 (in 2022) and 12.9 (in 2018). From 2018 to 2022, there was a consistent decrease in the modeled incidence of culture-confirmed salmonellosis in Virginia. In contrast to FoodNet trends, the inclusion of culture-independent diagnostic tests in the case definition did not significantly reduce the number of culture-confirmed cases, suggesting a high rate of reflex culturing among patients in Virginia. Among 187 Salmonella serotypes reported, 64.2% of culture-confirmed infections were attributed to six serotypes: Typhimurium (including the monophasic variant, I 4,[5],12:i:-; 20.3%), Enteritidis (18.0%), Newport (10.7%), Javiana (7.7%), Bareilly (3.9%), and Braenderup (3.6%). Trends in salmonellosis attributable to specific serotypes varied substantially; modeled incidence of infections caused by some serotypes decreased substantially (e.g., S. Typhimurium/I 4,[5],12:i:-) and others increased (e.g., S. Braenderup). This may indicate that serotype-specific trends may be masking changes in salmonellosis epidemiology and contributing to the apparent overall stability in salmonellosis incidence in Virginia; efforts to meet federal goals may need to be tailored to reduce the incidence of specific serotypes that are increasing in incidence.

查看原文本刊更多论文

2012-2022年美国维吉尼亚州经培养确认的人类沙门氏菌病病例的时间、季节和患者人口统计学趋势确定了沙门氏菌血清型的地区差异。

美国联邦政府制定了到2030年将沙门氏菌病发病率降低到≤11.5例/10万人的国家目标。为了评估弗吉尼亚州实现这一目标的进展情况，我们使用了2012-2022年期间向弗吉尼亚州卫生部报告的经培养确认的沙门氏菌病病例的数据（N=11,411）。采用贝叶斯负二项样条模型估计2012-2022年全州和特定地区（县/独立城市）每10万人的发病率变化。发病率因地区和时间的不同而有很大差异。从发病率模型得出的结果表明，弗吉尼亚州在实现联邦减少沙门氏菌病目标方面进展有限。在2012-2022年期间，全州模型发病率在11.6（2022年）和12.9（2018年）之间。从2018年到2022年，弗吉尼亚州培养确认的沙门氏菌病的模型发病率持续下降。与FoodNet的趋势相反，在病例定义中纳入与培养无关的诊断测试并没有显著减少培养确诊病例的数量，这表明弗吉尼亚州患者的反射培养率很高。在报告的187种沙门氏菌血清型中，64.2%的培养确诊感染归因于6种血清型：鼠伤寒菌(包括单相变异，i4, b[5],12: I:-；20.3%), Enteritidis (18.0%), Newport (10.7%), Javiana (7.7%), Bareilly（3.9%）和Braenderup（3.6%）。可归因于特定血清型的沙门氏菌病趋势差异很大；某些血清型引起的模型感染发生率大幅下降（例如，S. Typhimurium/ i4,[5],12: I:-），而其他血清型则增加（例如S. Braenderup）。这可能表明血清型特异性趋势可能掩盖了沙门氏菌病流行病学的变化，并有助于弗吉尼亚州沙门氏菌病发病率的明显总体稳定；实现联邦目标的努力可能需要量身定制，以减少发病率正在增加的特定血清型的发病率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of food protection 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

5.00%

发文量

296

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Food Protection® (JFP) is an international, monthly scientific journal in the English language published by the International Association for Food Protection (IAFP). JFP publishes research and review articles on all aspects of food protection and safety. Major emphases of JFP are placed on studies dealing with: Tracking, detecting (including traditional, molecular, and real-time), inactivating, and controlling food-related hazards, including microorganisms (including antibiotic resistance), microbial (mycotoxins, seafood toxins) and non-microbial toxins (heavy metals, pesticides, veterinary drug residues, migrants from food packaging, and processing contaminants), allergens and pests (insects, rodents) in human food, pet food and animal feed throughout the food chain; Microbiological food quality and traditional/novel methods to assay microbiological food quality; Prevention of food-related hazards and food spoilage through food preservatives and thermal/non-thermal processes, including process validation; Food fermentations and food-related probiotics; Safe food handling practices during pre-harvest, harvest, post-harvest, distribution and consumption, including food safety education for retailers, foodservice, and consumers; Risk assessments for food-related hazards; Economic impact of food-related hazards, foodborne illness, food loss, food spoilage, and adulterated foods; Food fraud, food authentication, food defense, and foodborne disease outbreak investigations.