The trends of mortality, aetiologies and risk factors of lower respiratory infections in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021.

IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Majed Ramadan, Rbab Bajunaid, Jood Abdulhafeez Alansari, Hala Yusef, Rawiah A Alsiary
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) are the fourth leading cause of death globally, affecting all age groups and leading to over 2 million deaths annually. Saudi Arabia faces a significant burden from LRIs, affecting more than 15% of the population each year. This study aims to provide an overview of LRI mortality, etiologies, and risk factors in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2021.

Method: Data on LRI mortality in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the 2021 edition of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Result Tool. The analysis encompassed mortality rates across all age groups, with particular emphasis on children under five and adults over 70. Four primary etiologies influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) were examined, alongside 14 associated risk factors.

Results: The total LRI deaths in Saudi Arabia decreased by 6% from 1990 to 2021, with a significant reduction observed among children under five years old (96%). In contrast, LRI mortality among adults over 70 increased by 16% during the same period. The age-standardized mortality rate decreased by 47%, with significant reductions in deaths associated with pneumococcus and RSV. However, risk factors, such as smoking and ambient particulate matter pollution, showed minimal declines or even increased mortality rates in older adults.

Conclusion: Over the past three decades, Saudi Arabia has made significant progress in reducing LRI mortality, particularly among children under five. However, the increasing mortality rates among the elderly highlight the need for targeted interventions to address their unique vulnerabilities. Continued investment in public health infrastructure, vaccination coverage, and environmental health initiatives is essential for further reducing the burden of LRIs in Saudi Arabia.

1990年至2021年沙特阿拉伯下呼吸道感染死亡率、病因学和危险因素趋势:来自2021年全球疾病负担研究的结果。
背景:下呼吸道感染(LRIs)是全球第四大死因,影响所有年龄组,每年导致200多万人死亡。沙特阿拉伯面临着LRIs的沉重负担,每年影响超过15%的人口。本研究旨在提供1990年至2021年沙特阿拉伯LRI死亡率、病因和危险因素的概述。方法:从2021年版全球疾病负担(GBD)结果工具中提取沙特阿拉伯1990年至2021年LRI死亡率数据。该分析包括所有年龄组的死亡率,特别强调5岁以下儿童和70岁以上成年人的死亡率。对流感、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、肺炎链球菌和b型流感嗜血杆菌(Hib)四种主要病因以及14种相关危险因素进行了检查。结果:从1990年到2021年,沙特阿拉伯的LRI死亡总数下降了6%,其中5岁以下儿童的死亡率显著下降(96%)。相比之下,70岁以上成年人的LRI死亡率同期上升了16%。年龄标准化死亡率下降了47%,与肺炎球菌和呼吸道合胞病毒相关的死亡率显著降低。然而,吸烟和环境颗粒物污染等风险因素显示,老年人的死亡率略有下降,甚至有所增加。结论:在过去三十年中,沙特阿拉伯在降低LRI死亡率方面取得了重大进展,特别是在五岁以下儿童中。然而,老年人死亡率的上升突出表明,需要采取有针对性的干预措施,以解决他们独特的脆弱性问题。继续投资于公共卫生基础设施、疫苗接种覆盖率和环境卫生举措,对于进一步减轻沙特阿拉伯低感染率国家的负担至关重要。
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来源期刊
Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition
Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
49
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition brings together research on all aspects of issues related to population, nutrition and health. The journal publishes articles across a broad range of topics including global health, maternal and child health, nutrition, common illnesses and determinants of population health.
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