Multiomics in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Landscape and Future Directions for Precision Medicine.

IF 2.5 2区医学 Q2 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY

Current Urology Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI:10.1007/s11934-025-01276-2

Filippo Gavi, Maria Chiara Sighinolfi, Giuseppe Pallotta, Simone Assumma, Enrico Panio, Daniele Fettucciari, Antonio Silvestri, Pierluigi Russo, Riccardo Bientinesi, Nazario Foschi, Filippo Turri, Umberto Carbonara, Chiara Ciccarese, Roberto Iacovelli, Camilla Nero, Bernardo Rocco

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a prevalent and increasingly diagnosed malignancy associated with high mortality and recurrence rates. Traditional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have limitations due to the disease's molecular heterogeneity. This review aims to explore how the integration of omics sciences-genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics-can enhance the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of RCC.

Recent findings: Genomic analyses have uncovered critical mutations, including VHL, PBRM1, and BAP1, which support improved risk stratification and the development of targeted therapies. Transcriptomic and spatial transcriptomic studies have provided deeper insights into RCC heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment dynamics. Proteomic investigations have revealed potential biomarkers, while metabolomic approaches have highlighted RCC-specific metabolic shifts. Despite these advancements, several challenges persist, including intratumoral heterogeneity, difficulties in multi-omics data integration, and the limited clinical validation of biomarkers. Omics-driven approaches hold significant promise for advancing precision medicine in RCC. These technologies can facilitate earlier diagnosis, guide individualized therapies, and enhance prognostic evaluations. Future research must focus on validating multi-omic biomarkers and leveraging artificial intelligence to manage complex datasets, thereby supporting more informed clinical decision-making and personalized treatment strategies.

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肾细胞癌的多组学研究：精准医学的现状和未来方向。

综述目的：肾细胞癌（RCC）是一种普遍且越来越多诊断的恶性肿瘤，具有高死亡率和复发率。由于该病的分子异质性，传统的诊断和治疗方法存在局限性。本文旨在探讨基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学等组学科学的整合如何提高RCC的诊断、预后和治疗。最近的发现：基因组分析揭示了关键突变，包括VHL、PBRM1和BAP1，这支持了风险分层的改进和靶向治疗的发展。转录组学和空间转录组学研究为RCC异质性和肿瘤微环境动力学提供了更深入的见解。蛋白质组学研究揭示了潜在的生物标志物，而代谢组学方法强调了rcc特异性代谢变化。尽管取得了这些进展，但仍存在一些挑战，包括肿瘤内异质性、多组学数据整合的困难以及生物标志物的有限临床验证。组学驱动的方法对于推进RCC的精准医疗具有重要的前景。这些技术可以促进早期诊断，指导个体化治疗，并加强预后评估。未来的研究必须集中在验证多组生物标志物和利用人工智能来管理复杂的数据集，从而支持更明智的临床决策和个性化的治疗策略。

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来源期刊

Current Urology Reports UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

3.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to review the most important, recently published findings in the field of urology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal elucidates current and emerging approaches to the care and prevention of urologic diseases and conditions. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, erectile dysfunction, female urology, and kidney disease. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.