Footprint cohesion and prevalence of environmental impact categories in blue mussel aquaculture life cycle assessments

IF 6.1 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Andreas Langdal , Edel O. Elvevoll , Ida-Johanne Jensen
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Abstract

Aquaculture is promoted as a solution for strengthening food security. Non-fed organisms like blue mussels have gained interest as feed is a frequent hotspot in aquaculture. In this literature review, all published studies on environmental footprint evaluations with life cycle assessments (LCA) on blue mussel aquaculture, was assessed. Through harmonisation, the studies were enabled numerical comparison of the environmental footprints. It was found that blue mussel aquaculture LCA most frequently study some impact categories, resulting in an average global warming potential of 263 ± 179 (range 9.52–627) kg CO2 eq.; eutrophication potential of 0.13 ± 0.33 (range −0.89 – 0.44) kg PO4 eq.; and acidification potential of 2.072 ± 1.641 (range 0.71–6.5) kg SO2 eq. per ton whole mussel. Consequently, significant gaps exist in several other impact categories, with some impact estimates varying by factor of thousand between the highest and lowest. Some aspects were found to deviate between the studies like how to handle carbon sequestration in the shell and bioremediation of nitrogen and phosphorous. The most analysed production method was variations of longlines; the most used life cycle impact assessment method was CML; and the most evaluated species was M. galloprovincialis. Many footprints were higher than previously assumed, but is still lower than many alternative food products. Future research should focus on establishing category rules or sector-wide agreements to address specific challenges, such as remediation of nutrients and carbon. Additionally, expanding the range of impact categories evaluated will help distinguish differences across case studies.
蓝贻贝养殖生命周期评价中环境影响类别的足迹凝聚力和流行程度
水产养殖作为加强粮食安全的解决方案得到推广。蓝贻贝等非饲料生物作为一种常见的水产养殖热点而备受关注。本文对已发表的关于蓝贻贝养殖环境足迹评价的生命周期评价(LCA)研究进行了综述。通过协调,这些研究可以对环境足迹进行数值比较。结果发现,蓝贻贝养殖LCA最常研究某些影响类别,导致平均全球变暖潜势为263±179(范围9.52-627)kg CO2当量;富营养化电位0.13±0.33(范围- 0.89 - 0.44)kg PO4 eq;酸化潜能值为每吨全贻贝2.072±1.641(范围0.71-6.5)kg SO2当量。因此,在其他几个影响类别中存在重大差距,一些影响估计数在最高和最低之间相差千倍。研究发现,如何处理贝壳中的碳固存和氮磷的生物修复等方面的研究存在偏差。分析最多的生产方法是延绳绳的变化;最常用的生命周期影响评价方法是CML;评价最高的种为加洛省支原体。许多碳足迹比先前假设的要高,但仍低于许多替代食品。未来的研究应侧重于建立类别规则或全部门协议,以解决具体的挑战,例如营养物质和碳的补救。此外,扩大评估影响类别的范围将有助于区分案例研究之间的差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Cleaner Environmental Systems
Cleaner Environmental Systems Environmental Science-Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
32
审稿时长
52 days
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