Epizootiology and pathophysiology of bovine oriental theileriosis in Mizoram, India

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101287

Champak Deka , Kalyan Sarma , Chethan Gollahalli Eregowda , Parimal Roychoudhury , Neeraj Thakur , Dilip Nama , Kiran Jayappa , Satyabrat Dutta , Dhruba Das , Palash Jyoti Sonowal , Rahul Singh Arya , Thingujam Chaa Tolenkhomba , Dibyajyoti Talukdar , Priyanka Choudhary , Girin Kalita

{"title":"Epizootiology and pathophysiology of bovine oriental theileriosis in Mizoram, India","authors":"Champak Deka , Kalyan Sarma , Chethan Gollahalli Eregowda , Parimal Roychoudhury , Neeraj Thakur , Dilip Nama , Kiran Jayappa , Satyabrat Dutta , Dhruba Das , Palash Jyoti Sonowal , Rahul Singh Arya , Thingujam Chaa Tolenkhomba , Dibyajyoti Talukdar , Priyanka Choudhary , Girin Kalita","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101287","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bovine oriental theileriosis is an important tick-borne haemoprotozoan disease caused by Theileria orientalis. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors, and haemato-biochemical and pathological alterations associated with naturally occurring T. orientalis infection in cattle, an emerging disease in Mizoram, India. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection based cross-sectional study on the prevalence of T. orientalis infection in cattle was undertaken from June 2019 to January 2022. Blood samples were collected from the clinically infected crossbred cattle (n = 12) to examine the haemogram, and serum samples were used for evaluating biochemical profile and oxidant-antioxidant status. The diagnosis of T. orientalis infection in cattle was carried by microscopic blood smear examination and further confirmed by PCR. Haemogram and serum biochemical profile were evaluated by automated blood cell counter and clinical chemistry analyzer, respectively. Oxidant and antioxidant parameters were estimated by using commercially available assay kits. In the present study, PCR was found to be more sensitive than microscopic blood smear examination, and an overall prevalence of 7.29 % was recorded for T. orientalis infection by PCR assay. Tick infestation, uncemented floor, and absence of acaricidal treatment were found be potential risk factors for T. orientalis infection. Haemogram and serum biochemical findings revealed anaemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoproteinemia, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blirubin levels, and azotemia. The mean values of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower, whereas the mean value lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in cattle infected with T. orientalis, suggesting oxidative stress. When total erythrocyte count (TEC) was correlated with LPO (r = −0.781, P < 0.01), it revealed a negative correlation, while in case of GSH (r = 0.744, P < 0.01), SOD (r = 0.794, P < 0.01), and TAC (r = 0.796, P < 0.01), a positive correlation was noticed. The correlation of oxidative stress indices with TEC suggested that erythrocyte peroxidation could play an important role in the pathogenesis of anaemia induced by T. orientalis infection. There are very few studies on the pathological aspects of T. orientalis infection in cattle. Thus, the outcome of the present study could add valuable information to the current existing knowledge about the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 101287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405939025000954","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bovine oriental theileriosis is an important tick-borne haemoprotozoan disease caused by Theileria orientalis. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors, and haemato-biochemical and pathological alterations associated with naturally occurring T. orientalis infection in cattle, an emerging disease in Mizoram, India. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection based cross-sectional study on the prevalence of T. orientalis infection in cattle was undertaken from June 2019 to January 2022. Blood samples were collected from the clinically infected crossbred cattle (n = 12) to examine the haemogram, and serum samples were used for evaluating biochemical profile and oxidant-antioxidant status. The diagnosis of T. orientalis infection in cattle was carried by microscopic blood smear examination and further confirmed by PCR. Haemogram and serum biochemical profile were evaluated by automated blood cell counter and clinical chemistry analyzer, respectively. Oxidant and antioxidant parameters were estimated by using commercially available assay kits. In the present study, PCR was found to be more sensitive than microscopic blood smear examination, and an overall prevalence of 7.29 % was recorded for T. orientalis infection by PCR assay. Tick infestation, uncemented floor, and absence of acaricidal treatment were found be potential risk factors for T. orientalis infection. Haemogram and serum biochemical findings revealed anaemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoproteinemia, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blirubin levels, and azotemia. The mean values of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower, whereas the mean value lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in cattle infected with T. orientalis, suggesting oxidative stress. When total erythrocyte count (TEC) was correlated with LPO (r = −0.781, P < 0.01), it revealed a negative correlation, while in case of GSH (r = 0.744, P < 0.01), SOD (r = 0.794, P < 0.01), and TAC (r = 0.796, P < 0.01), a positive correlation was noticed. The correlation of oxidative stress indices with TEC suggested that erythrocyte peroxidation could play an important role in the pathogenesis of anaemia induced by T. orientalis infection. There are very few studies on the pathological aspects of T. orientalis infection in cattle. Thus, the outcome of the present study could add valuable information to the current existing knowledge about the disease.

查看原文本刊更多论文

印度米佐拉姆邦牛东方血吸虫病的流行病学和病理生理学

牛东方大肠杆菌病是由东方大肠杆菌引起的一种重要的蜱传原虫病。本研究旨在调查印度米佐拉姆邦牛中自然发生的东方绦虫感染的流行情况、相关危险因素以及与之相关的血液生化和病理改变。对2019年6月至2022年1月牛中东方绦虫感染流行情况进行了基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测的横断面研究。从临床感染的杂交牛（n = 12）采集血样检查血象图，并使用血清样本评估生化特征和氧化-抗氧化状态。采用显微血液涂片检查诊断牛东方绦虫感染，并采用PCR进一步证实。分别用全自动血细胞计数器和临床化学分析仪测定血象和血清生化特征。使用市售的测定试剂盒估计氧化剂和抗氧化剂参数。本研究发现，PCR检测的敏感性高于镜检血液涂片检查，结果显示，总感染率为7.29%。蜱虫孳生、地面未胶结、未进行杀螨处理是东方性蜱虫感染的潜在危险因素。血象和血清生化结果显示贫血、血小板减少、低蛋白血症、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和胆红素水平升高以及氮血症。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和总抗氧化能力（TAC）的平均值显著高于对照组(P <；脂质过氧化氢（LPO）均值显著降低(P <；0.05)，提示氧化应激。总红细胞计数（TEC）与LPO相关时(r = - 0.781, P <；0.01)，呈负相关，而GSH (r = 0.744, P <；0.01), SOD (r = 0.794, P <；0.01), TAC (r = 0.796, P <；0.01)，呈正相关。氧化应激指标与TEC的相关性提示红细胞过氧化作用可能在东方绦虫感染致贫血的发病机制中起重要作用。关于牛东方绦虫感染病理方面的研究很少。因此，本研究的结果可以为目前关于该疾病的现有知识增加有价值的信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).