Photoelectric dual mode sensing system based on one-step fabricated heterojunction artificial synapses device

Abstract

With the growing demand for intelligent perception systems in the IoT and big data era, multimodal sensing technologies face challenges including complex device architectures and low energy efficiency. This study proposes a TiO₂-Nb: SrTiO₃ heterojunction-based optoelectronic artificial synaptic device fabricated via one-step magnetron sputtering, enabling monolithic integration of sensing-memory-processing functionalities. Experimental results demonstrate that the device exhibits multilevel resistive state stability exceeding 10,000 seconds under electrical stimulation and achieves over seven non-volatile conductance states through optical modulation. A sensor-memristor fusion architecture with optoelectronic cooperative regulation was developed for intelligent transportation and emotion recognition applications. The system successfully realizes multidimensional vehicle monitoring (dynamic/speed/direction) and accomplishes three-category emotion classification by integrating facial features and acoustic signals, validating the effectiveness of multimodal information fusion. The device achieves audiovisual bimodal fusion perception through optoelectronic synergy, featuring CMOS-compatible fabrication that offers a scalable pathway for neuromorphic sensing systems. This work breaks the von Neumann energy-efficiency bottleneck via device-architecture co-innovation, providing a low-power solution for edge computing scenarios in smart transportation and human-machine interaction.